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Stress CMR in Patients With Coronary Chronic Total Occlusions

Conditions
Coronary Chronic Total Occlusions
Interventions
Procedure: PCI
Registration Number
NCT03152825
Lead Sponsor
Ospedale San Donato
Brief Summary

A total chronic occlusion (CTO) is defined as a coronary obstruction with TIMI 0 flow lasting at least 3 months.The prevalence of CTO in patients with coronary disease is about 10-40%. Coronary collateralizations may supply sufficient perfusion to retain tissue viability, but do not protect from myocardial ischaemia. In fact, percutaneous revascularization (PCI) of CTO lesions leads to improved symptoms, functional class, quality of life, higher left ventricular ejection fraction and improved survival in several observational studies. However, due to the higher rate of procedural complications and lower success rate of PCI than in other settings, it is attempted in only 10% of all CTO lesions. Myocardial viability/ischaemia assessment should be performed before PCI to avoid potential PCI-related complications and identify patients who might benefit most from myocardial revascularization, individualizing the risk-to-benefit ratio. In this regard, patients with stable coronary artery disease who have moderate-to-severe ischaemia are at higher risk of event rates (death or MI of \~5%/year) and plausibly represent the best target for PCI.

Cardiac MRI (CMR) provide a reliable assessment of both myocardial ischaemia and viability. Using late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequences, myocardial segments with LGE \>75% of transmurality do not show any improvement in contractility even after revascularization, representing a subset of patients in which CTO PCI may be futile. Viability assessment by CMR may be also performed with low dose dobutamine infusion; in patients with CTO and akinetic segments, contractility improvement at low dose dobutamine may predict functional recovery in the follow-up. Myocardial ischaemia may be assessed by CMR with high accuracy, identifying perfusion defects during pharmacological-induced hyperemia and/or regional wall motion abnormalities during inotrope infusion.

This study is designed to verify the hypothesis that myocardial ischaemia and viability assessed by CMR could identify patients who are more likely to benefit from PCI in terms of improvement in left ventricular remodeling, functional recovery and clinical outcome.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
400
Inclusion Criteria
  • Angiographic diagnosis of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion (TIMI 0 lasting more than 3 months, if known)
  • baseline stress CMR
  • signed informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • CMR contraindications
  • severe CKD
  • contraindications to adenosine or dobutamine
  • unable/unwilling to sign informed consent
  • pregnancy

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Viable myocardium GroupPCIAt least ONE of the following: 1. Late gadolinium enhancement \<75%. 2. Improvement in segmental function ≥1 grade during low dose dobutamine
Inducible ischaemia groupPCIAt least ONE of the following: * perfusion defect (≥ 1,5 segments) assessed during peak infusion of adenosine or dobutamine * new wall motion abnormalities or worsening ≥1 grade during peak infusion of dobutamine
Non-viable myocardium groupPCIAt least ONE of the following: 1. Late gadolinium enhancement ≥75%. 2. No improvement in segmental function during low dose dobutamine
Non-inducible ischaemia groupPCINone of conditions qualifying for the "Inducible ischemia group"
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Left ventricular mechanical improvement after PCI12 +/- 3 months

At least ONE of the following:

* Delta ejection fraction ≥ 5%

* Segmental function improvement ≥1 grade

* Delta end-diastolic volume ≥ 10%

* Delta end-systolic volume ≥ 10%

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Major cardiovascular events12+/- 3 months

all-cause death, death for cardiovascular cause, life-threatening arrythmia, hospitalization for heart failure, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization

Quality of life assessed by Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ)12+/-3 months

Delta SAQ score

Stress ischaemia improvement after PCI12 +/- 3 months

At least ONE of the following stress CMR (adenosine or dobutamine) findings:

_\<1.5 segments perfusion defect

_≥1 grade improvement in segmental wall motion abnormalities

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

IRCCS Policlinico San Donato

🇮🇹

San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy

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