Cryoablation Combined With Tislelizumab and Chemotherapy as Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Therapy in Resectable Stage II-IIIB NSCLC

Phase 2

Recruiting

• Conditions: NSCLC (Non-small Cell Lung Cancer)
• Interventions: Drug: Neoadjuvant Cryoablation Combined with Tislelizumab and Chemotherapy; Procedure: Surgery; Drug: Adjuvant tislelizumab

• Registration Number: NCT06939127
• Lead Sponsor: Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital

Brief Summary

This is a Phase II single-arm study designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cryoablation combined with tislelizumab and platinum-based doublet chemotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy, followed by adjuvant tislelizumab therapy in patients with resectable stage II-IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

The study consists of a screening phase, a treatment phase (including the neoadjuvant stage, surgery, and adjuvant stage), a safety follow-up period, and a survival follow-up period.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Status Verified: 2025-04
• Study Start: 2025-04-01
• Study First Submitted: 2025-04-07
• Study First Submitted QC: 2025-04-14
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-04-14
• Study First Posted: 2025-04-22
• Last Update Posted: 2025-04-22
• Primary Completion: 2026-05-31
• Study Completion: 2027-05-31

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 38

Inclusion Criteria

• Aged ≥18 years at informed consent signing.
• ECOG performance status of 0 or 1.
• Histologically confirmed stage II-IIIB NSCLC (AJCC 9th edition).
• Tumor size ≤5 cm.
• Deemed suitable for R0 resection by a thoracic surgeon for radical treatment.
• Adequate cardiopulmonary function for radical surgical resection.
• Eligible for cryoablation and platinum-based doublet chemotherapy.
• Adequate blood and organ function, as per laboratory tests within 14 days before enrollment.

Exclusion Criteria

• Prior treatment for current lung cancer, including chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
• LCNEC diagnosis.
• Known EGFR mutations or ALK translocations. For non-squamous NSCLC, EGFR mutation status must be confirmed locally or centrally if unknown.

For squamous NSCLC, EGFR testing is not required if status is unknown. ALK translocation testing is not required if status is unknown.

• Locally advanced, unresectable disease, regardless of stage or metastasis (stage IV). Patients with mediastinal lymph node involvement on CT must undergo sampling for clinical staging to exclude stage IIIB/C.
• History of interstitial lung disease, non-infectious pneumonitis, or uncontrolled pulmonary fibrosis.
• Severe chronic or active infections requiring systemic antimicrobials, including tuberculosis.
• Hospitalization for severe infections within 4 weeks before enrollment. Systemic antibiotic treatment within 2 weeks before enrollment.
• Active autoimmune disease or history of recurrent autoimmune disease.
• Exceptions: Well-controlled type 1 diabetes, hypothyroidism on hormone replacement, celiac disease, skin conditions not requiring systemic therapy, or diseases unlikely to recur without provocation.
• Severe infections requiring systemic treatment within the past 4 weeks.
• Corticosteroid or immunosuppressive use within 14 days before enrollment, except for specific local, topical, or short-term uses.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Cryoablation Combined with Tislelizumab	Neoadjuvant Cryoablation Combined with Tislelizumab and Chemotherapy	Neoadjuvant Phase: Eligible patients first undergo cryoablation of the primary tumor. Then, 7±3 days after cryoablation, they start treatment with tislelizumab (200 mg) plus platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, given every 3 weeks for 3-4 cycles. Surgery should be performed as soon as possible within 4-6 weeks after the last dose of neoadjuvant therapy. Adjuvant Phase: The first dose of tislelizumab (cycle 1 of the adjuvant phase) should be administered within 2-8 weeks after surgery. Patients will continue to receive tislelizumab (400 mg, Q6W) as adjuvant therapy every 6 weeks until one of the following events occurs: completion of 8 cycles of tislelizumab adjuvant therapy, disease recurrence, unacceptable adverse events (AEs), death, or decision by the patient and/or investigator to discontinue study treatment.
Cryoablation Combined with Tislelizumab	Surgery	Neoadjuvant Phase: Eligible patients first undergo cryoablation of the primary tumor. Then, 7±3 days after cryoablation, they start treatment with tislelizumab (200 mg) plus platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, given every 3 weeks for 3-4 cycles. Surgery should be performed as soon as possible within 4-6 weeks after the last dose of neoadjuvant therapy. Adjuvant Phase: The first dose of tislelizumab (cycle 1 of the adjuvant phase) should be administered within 2-8 weeks after surgery. Patients will continue to receive tislelizumab (400 mg, Q6W) as adjuvant therapy every 6 weeks until one of the following events occurs: completion of 8 cycles of tislelizumab adjuvant therapy, disease recurrence, unacceptable adverse events (AEs), death, or decision by the patient and/or investigator to discontinue study treatment.
Cryoablation Combined with Tislelizumab	Adjuvant tislelizumab	Neoadjuvant Phase: Eligible patients first undergo cryoablation of the primary tumor. Then, 7±3 days after cryoablation, they start treatment with tislelizumab (200 mg) plus platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, given every 3 weeks for 3-4 cycles. Surgery should be performed as soon as possible within 4-6 weeks after the last dose of neoadjuvant therapy. Adjuvant Phase: The first dose of tislelizumab (cycle 1 of the adjuvant phase) should be administered within 2-8 weeks after surgery. Patients will continue to receive tislelizumab (400 mg, Q6W) as adjuvant therapy every 6 weeks until one of the following events occurs: completion of 8 cycles of tislelizumab adjuvant therapy, disease recurrence, unacceptable adverse events (AEs), death, or decision by the patient and/or investigator to discontinue study treatment.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Pathological Complete Response (pCR) Rate	Up to approximately 8 weeks following completion of neoadjuvant treatment	pCR rate is defined as the percentage of participants having an absence of residual invasive cancer in resected lung specimens and lymph nodes following completion of neoadjuvant therapy.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Major Pathological Response (mPR) Rate	Up to approximately 8 weeks following completion of neoadjuvant treatment	mPR rate is defined as the percentage of participants having ≤10% viable tumor cells in the resected primary tumor and all resected lymph nodes following completion of neoadjuvant therapy.
Overall Response Rate (ORR)	Up to Study Week 15 (before surgery)	ORR was defined as the percentage of participants in the analysis population who had a Complete Response (CR: Disappearance of all target lesions) or a Partial Response (PR: ≥30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters) per RECIST 1.1 before surgery.
Radiological downstaging rate	Up to Study Week 15 (before surgery)	The proportion of patients with radiological T, N, and overall stage reduction (AJCC v9) compared to baseline after neoadjuvant therapy.
Overall Survival (OS)	Up to approximately 2 years	OS is defined as the time from randomization until death from any cause.
Number of participants experiencing treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs)	Up to approximately 2 years	An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a study participant administered study drug and which does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this study drug. The number of participants who experienced an AE is presented.
Event Free Survival (EFS)	Up to approximately 2 years	EFS is defined as the time from randomization until radiographic disease progression, local progression precluding surgery, inability to resect the tumor, local or distant recurrence, or death due to any cause. EFS determined either by biopsy assessed by local pathologist or by investigator-assessed imaging using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1).
Change From Baseline in Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Phase in European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30)	Baseline, during the neoadjuvant phase (Cycle 3), during the adjuvant phase (Cycles 1, 3, 5, and 7), and during safety follow-up visits (up to 2 years)	Change from baseline in QoL score using the EORTC QLQ-C30 will be determined. The EORTC QLQ-C30 is the most widely used cancer-specific, health-related QoL instrument comprised of 30 individual items arranged as both multi-item scales and individual items. Specifically, these items are divided into 5 functional scales (15 items total), 3 symptom scales (7 items total), 6 individual items.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; 🇨🇳 Tianjin, China