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fMRI study with OROS-methylphenidate treatment in pediatric ADHD

Not Applicable
Conditions
ADHD
Registration Number
JPRN-UMIN000008460
Lead Sponsor
niversity of Fukui
Brief Summary

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is neurobehavioral disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity and impaired reward system function, such as delay aversion and low reward sensitivity. The pharmacological treatment for ADHD includes methylphenidate (MPH), or osmotic release oral system-MPH (OROS-MPH), which increases extrasynaptic dopamine and noradrenaline levels by blocking their reuptake. Although previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies revealed that acute treatment with MPH alters activation of the nucleus accumbens during delay aversion in children and adolescents with ADHD, the effects a relatively long period of OROS-MPH treatment on delay aversion as well as reward sensitivity remain unclear. Thus, we evaluated brain activation with fMRI during a reward sensitivity paradigm that consists of high monetary reward and low monetary reward conditions before and after a 3-month treatment with OROS-MPH in 17 children and adolescents with ADHD (mean age, 13.3) and 17 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (mean age, 13.0). We found that before treatment there was decreased activation of the nucleus accumbens and thalamus in patients with ADHD during only the low monetary reward condition, which was improved to same level as those of the healthy controls after the treatment. The observed change in brain activity was associated with improved ADHD symptom scores, which were derived from Japanese versions of the ADHD rating scale. These results suggest that treatment with OROS-MPH for a relatively long period is effective in controlling reward sensitivity in children and adolescents with ADHD.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
Complete: follow-up complete
Sex
Male
Target Recruitment
40
Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Participants were excluded who had any history of substance abuse, recent substance use, head trauma with loss of consciousness, epilepsy, significant fetal exposure to alcohol or drugs, perinatal or neonatal complications, neurological disorders, or medical conditions that could adversely affect growth and development.

Study & Design

Study Type
Interventional
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Brain function before and after a 3-month treatment with osmotic release oral system-methylphenidate
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
ADHD-RS score
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