Comparison of the Effects of Social Cognitive Theory-Based Peer- and Nurse-Led Health Promotion and Prevention Education Programs on the Health Behavıors of Older Adults: A Study Protocol
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 进行中（未招募）
- 入组人数
- 108
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Elderly Health Promotion Scale
研究概览
简要总结
This study will be conducted to compare the effects of Peer- and Nurse-Led Health Protection and Promotion Training Programs Based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) on the health behaviors of older adults. This research will be carried out in two stages as a mixed-methods study with an embedded mixed-method design. The first stage has been planned as a parallel two-arm non-randomized experimental study. This stage will be conducted between October and December 2025 in two separate elderly homes where older adults are densely located in the Muratpaşa district of Antalya province. The sample size has been calculated as 108 older adults (Intervention-1 Peer Leadership: 54, Intervention-2 Nurse Leadership: 54). In the Intervention-1 group, the intervention will be implemented for 12 weeks through the Health Protection and Promotion Training Program Based on SCT under peer leadership, and the same interventions will be carried out in the Intervention-2 group under nurse leadership. Outcomes will be measured before the intervention and 12 weeks after the intervention using the Elderly Health Promotion Scale, Health Protection and Promotion Behavior Checklist, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Health Seeking Behavior Scale. In the second stage, in order to evaluate the intervention process and experiences multidimensionally, it is aimed to deeply understand the experiences of older adults receiving peer-led intervention, older adults receiving nurse-led intervention, and peer leaders by using multiple data sources within the framework of qualitative research and a phenomenological approach. In the qualitative phase, the data will be collected based on the maximum variation sampling method through face-to-face in-depth individual interviews using semi-structured interview forms in the workshops of both elderly homes in January 2026.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Non Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 65 Years 至 —（Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Older adults aged 65 and over classified as low (for women: 0-4 points; for men: 0-3 points) or moderate (for women: 5-8 points; for men: 4-6 points) according to the Health Promotion and Prevention Behavior Checklist,
- •Those who attend the elderly center where the study will be conducted at least once a week,
- •Those who reside in the study province,
- •Those who have and can use a smartphone,
- •Those who can speak and understand Turkish,
- •Those who scored nine or above on the Short Form of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) (considered to have sufficient cognitive status to participate in the interview),
- •Those who scored three or above on the Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale (semi-dependent and independent),
- •Those who agreed to participate in the study voluntarily,
- •Only one older adult from the same household was included in the study.
排除标准
- •Those who had previously participated in similar studies related to health promotion and prevention were not included in the study.
- •Withdrawal and Loss to Follow-up Criteria
- •Those who wished to withdraw from the study,
- •Those who moved to another location outside the study setting,
- •Those who were hospitalized for more than one week due to various reasons during the study period,
- •Those who, according to their own statement, had a general health condition not suitable to continue the study,
- •Those who died during the study period,
- •Those who completed the pre-test but did not participate in the interventions were excluded from the study.
研究组 & 干预措施
Health Protection and Promotion Training Program under the Leadership of a Public Health Nurse
干预措施: Health Protection and Promotion Training Program under the Leadership of a Public Health Nurse (Behavioral)
Peer-Led Health Protection and Promotion Training Program
干预措施: Peer-Led Health Protection and Promotion Training Program (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Elderly Health Promotion Scale
时间窗: Change in health promotion behavior assessment score from baseline to week 12
The Elderly Health Promotion Scale, developed by Wang et al. (2015), assesses health-promoting behaviors in individuals aged 65 and over and consists of 22 items and six subdimensions. Its Turkish validity and reliability were established by Gulsoy and Senturan (2020). The subdimensions include Health Behaviors, Participation in Society, Health Responsibility, Healthy Eating, Regular Exercise, and Oral Health. The four-point Likert scale ranges from "never" (1) to "always" (4), with total scores between 22 and 88; higher scores indicate greater engagement in health-promoting behaviors. Subscale scores are obtained by summing relevant items. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.80 to 0.91 for subdimensions, with an overall reliability of 0.85 (Gulsoy and Senturan, 2020).
Health Promotion and Prevention Behavior Checklist
时间窗: Change in health promotion and prevention behaviors from baseline to week 12
This form was developed based on the literature to assess health promotion and prevention behaviors among individuals aged 65 and over (Gulsoy and Senturan, 2020; Ministry of Health, 2023). It includes items on the Elderly Health Promotion Scale, immunization, chronic disease screenings, smoking, obesity, and cancer screenings. Responses are coded as "Yes: 1" and "No: 0." Based on total scores, behaviors are classified as low, moderate, or high, with gender-specific cut-off points. Additionally, health promotion behavior is evaluated as insufficient or sufficient according to the scale score. Content validity was established using the Davis technique with input from 10 experts, yielding a high CVI of 0.96 (Davis, 1992).
General Self-Efficacy Scale
时间窗: Change in general self-efficacy score from baseline to week 12
The General Self-Efficacy Scale, developed by Jerusalem and Schwarzer and later revised to 10 items, was adapted into Turkish by Aypay (2010). It is a four-point Likert scale (1=not at all true to 4=completely true), with total scores ranging from 10 to 40; higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient is 0.83.
Health-Seeking Behavior Scale
时间窗: Change in health-seeking behavior score from baseline to week 12
The Health-Seeking Behavior Scale, developed by Kirac and Ozturk (2021), consists of 12 items across three subdimensions: online, professional, and traditional seeking behaviors. It is a five-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree to 5=strongly agree), where higher mean scores indicate greater health-seeking behavior. The scale's Cronbach's alpha coefficient is 0.76.
次要结局
- Google Fit Mobile Application Use Checklist(Change in Google Fit Mobile Application Use Checklist score from baseline to week 12)
- E-Pulse Mobile Application Use Checklist(Change in E-Pulse Mobile Application Use Checklist score from baseline to week 12)
研究者
Merve SIKLAROGLU
Research Assistant
Akdeniz University