Effects of Virtual Reality Versus Motor Imagery Versus Routine Physical Therapy in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Parkinson Disease
- Sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Enrollment
- 60
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale Part II
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 4 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of VR and MI techniques in addition to routine physical therapy on motor skills, balance and ADL in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Detailed Description
Parkinson's disease is one of the most common, insidious neurological disorders with major motor symptoms, including bradykinesia, resting tremors, rigidity, and postural disorders. Virtual reality and motor imagery are among the more innovative techniques for rehabilitation of patients with Parkinson's disease that promote motor learning through both explicit and implicit processes.This study is unique in that it examines the effects of VR versus MI on motor skills, balance, and daily living activities in individuals with Parkinson's disease
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Idiopathic Parkinson's disease
- •Modified Hoehn and Yahr Scale(H\&Y stages I to III)
- •Between the ages of 50 and 80 years of both genders
- •Independent in transfers
- •A score equal to or greater than 24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and
- •Previous lack of participation in balance or motor training.
Exclusion Criteria
- •History of any neurological conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy other than Parkinson's disease,
- •History of orthopedic issues such as pain, fracture, or lower limb pathology,
- •History of visual abnormalities,
- •History of any chronic or cardiovascular pathology that can interfere with the transfer procedure or can affect the training sessions,
- •The participants having severe dyskinesia or "on-off" phases,
- •Previous history of surgery for PD,
- •History of virtual games used for treatment in the past three months, and
- •Virtual game phobia.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale Part II
Time Frame: 3 months
This is a subjective instrument that is widely used in clinical settings for patients with Parkinson's disease. This scale comprises 31 elements, which are divided into three sub-scales: Sub-scale II comprises the evaluation of activities in daily living. A possible maximum of 199 points can be scored on this scale. A score of 199 refers to complete disability and 0 refers to the absence of disability .
Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale Part III
Time Frame: 3 months
This is a subjective instrument that is widely used in clinical settings for patients with Parkinson's disease. This scale comprises 31 elements, which are divided into three sub-scales and sub-scale III evaluates the motor system. A possible maximum of 199 points can be scored on this scale. A score of 199 refers to complete disability and 0 refers to the absence of disability
Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
Time Frame: 3 months
The scale has been established as the most widely used assessment tool in clinical settings to identify changes in balance performance. A score of less than 45 is considered a limit for the risk of falling, while a score of 56 relates to functional balance
Secondary Outcomes
- Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC):(3 months)