Perception of Health Promotion Messages
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 763
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Perceived Message Effectiveness (PME)
研究概览
简要总结
The specific aims of this study are:
- To compare the perceived message effectiveness (PME) of AI-generated vaping prevention materials with existing traditionally generated (typically by a health authority) prevention materials in a sample of young people. This aim addresses the gap in understanding whether AI can match or exceed the effectiveness of traditional prevention materials in changing youth perceptions and intentions of vaping.
- To examine the impact of ad labelling (AI-generated, AI-generated with health authority endorsement, and unlabelled) on the PME of vaping prevention messages. Given the novelty of AI in this context, understanding the influence of transparency about message origin and endorsements on message reception is critical.
详细描述
Study hypotheses and design were pre-registered on OSF (https://osf.io/nzdt2/) and ethics approval for the study was obtained from The University of Queensland (2024/HE000318).
Six hundred and fourteen participants aged 16-25 years old, living in Australia were recruited through the Nielsen Consumer LLC and marketing databases provided through NielsenIQ Datasets. A quota was applied to ensure that there were equal distributions across age and gender. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the start of the survey.
AI-generated, co-designed ads The detailed methodology of the co-design development process is available to as an OSF Preprint. There were 2 phases for ads generation. In Phase 1, the investigators conducted two focus group (N = 10 total participants, mean age 16.3 years) to evaluate an initial set of 100 AI-generated ads created using a basic approach of zero-shot prompting (model is given a task without any examples of existing vaping prevention), single-prompt usage (one prompt is used to interact with the model) and automatic text-image integration (automatic overlaying of AI-generated text onto corresponding AI-generated images).
Based on the feedback from Phase 1, the investigators refined the approach for Phase 2 to a few-shot prompting approach (model is given a task along with a few examples in the prompt to guide its response) with multi-prompt usage (multiple sequential prompts are used to refine or build upon previous interactions with the model until ads meet quality criteria for accuracy, relevance, and persuasion attempt) and manual text-image integration (text and images) by TS to ensure strong text-image cohesion. Twenty-five AI-generated ads were created using Claude 3 for text and Midjourney v6 for images. These refined ads were evaluated through nine semi-structured interviews (N = 9, mean age 16.3 years).
The feedback from Phase 2 interviews was used to further refine the ads in Phase 3, resulting in a final set of 25 ads, based on five themes: addiction, financial impact, health consequences, industry manipulation and social norms.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Factorial
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Investigator)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 16 Years 至 25 Years（Child, Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Living in Australia
- •Aged 16-25 years
- •Able to read English
- •Committed to reviewing each advertisement and providing honest, personal responses
排除标准
- •Unwilling to commit to reviewing each advertisement honestly
- •Unable to promise to provide genuine responses to survey questions
研究组 & 干预措施
Control
Ads presented without any source labelling
干预措施: Material source: AI generated ads vs existing ads by health agency (Other)
Control
Ads presented without any source labelling
干预措施: source labelling conditions: control condition, AI condition, health agency condition, combined condition (Other)
AI condition
Ads labelled with the text "Made with AI"
干预措施: Material source: AI generated ads vs existing ads by health agency (Other)
AI condition
Ads labelled with the text "Made with AI"
干预措施: source labelling conditions: control condition, AI condition, health agency condition, combined condition (Other)
Health authority condition
Ads labelled with the text "Made by the World Health Organization (WHO)"
干预措施: source labelling conditions: control condition, AI condition, health agency condition, combined condition (Other)
Health authority condition
Ads labelled with the text "Made by the World Health Organization (WHO)"
干预措施: Material source: AI generated ads vs existing ads by health agency (Other)
Combined condition
Ads labelled with the text "Made with AI, by the World Health Organization (WHO)"
干预措施: Material source: AI generated ads vs existing ads by health agency (Other)
Combined condition
Ads labelled with the text "Made with AI, by the World Health Organization (WHO)"
干预措施: source labelling conditions: control condition, AI condition, health agency condition, combined condition (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Perceived Message Effectiveness (PME)
时间窗: Within 30mins of exposure
Each ad was rated with five items adapted from the validated University of North Carolina PME Scale for Youth. Two items assessed effects perceptions, i.e. the ads' potential to change attitudes and behaviours, and three items assessed ad perceptions, i.e., judgements about ad characteristics.
次要结局
- Vaping and Smoking Behaviour(Within 30mins of exposure)
- Vaping susceptibility(Within 30mins of exposure)
- Intention to quit(Within 30mins of exposure)
- Health behaviour(Within 30mins of exposure)
- Trust in health agencies(Within 30mins of exposure)
- Demographics(Within 30mins of exposure)
- General attitudes towards artificial intelligence scale (GAAIS)(Within 30mins of exposure)