The Effect of Wound Irrigation With Irrisept on Abscess Healing (Irrisept UF Study)

Not Applicable

Terminated

Conditions: Abscess

Interventions: Device: Standard of Care (SoC)
Device: Irrisept Delivery System

Registration Number: NCT04957732

Lead Sponsor: Irrimax Corporation

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Irrisept compared to standard of care treatment of skin and soft tissue infections in the form of abscesses.

Detailed Description: After being informed about the trial and potential risks, subjects completed an informed consent form prior to participation. After eligibility criteria was verified, an initial wound assessment examination was performed. Subjects were then randomized to the Irrisept or Standard of Care treatment group. At intervals of 48 hours (up to 96 hours) later, abscesses were assessed until healing occurred. If the subject required antibiotics, this was recorded, as well as results from the wound and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) cultures.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: TERMINATED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 35

Inclusion Criteria

Immunocompetent individuals, 12 years of age or older with an uncomplicated abscess
1. Uncomplicated abscess is defined as ≤8 cm of induration (defined as firmness to touch) at the greatest diameter.
2. ≤4 cm of surrounding erythema (surrounding redness).
Defined area of central fluctuance may or may not be present.
Patient must be able to answer questions.
Patient must be medically stable as defined by the emergency department physician.
Patient must participate voluntarily in the study.

Exclusion Criteria

Currently receiving antibiotics or received antibiotics within the last 72 hours.
Evidence of systemic infection (fever, aches, chills, nausea).
Requires admission to the hospital for infection or for any other reason(s).
Abscess caused by a human or animal bite.
Prior history of hypersensitivity or allergy to Chlorhexidine Gluconate (CHG).
Immunodeficiency (examples: HIV positive, Crohn's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, Addison's disease, psoriasis, splenectomy, leukemia, cancer (on chemotherapy)).
Currently on any immune-modifying medication (examples - prednisone, antivirals).
History of chronic skin infection (3 or more in the past year).
Chronic medical problem (for example, end-stage heart, liver, kidney or lung disease, diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, history of organ transplant).
Mental illness, including but not limited to, substance abuse, dementia, schizophrenia or mentally handicapped or challenged.
Incarcerated.
Patient is pregnant or thinks she may be pregnant.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Standard of Care (SoC)	Standard of Care (SoC)	For subjects randomized to the control group, Standard of Care (SoC), which was normal saline, was used.
Irrisept	Irrisept Delivery System	For subjects randomized to the investigational group, Irrisept was used.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Abscess Wound Healing Determined By Pain Score	Abscess wound healing, assessed by pain, was reviewed at baseline and the 48-hour visit.	Pain assessments were used to determine if the use of pressurized irrigation with Irrisept in uncomplicated abscesses improved wound healing when compared to pressurized irrigation with SoC (normal saline). Pain was assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The scale was measured in centimeters (cm) which ranged between 0 cm ("no pain" at the far left) to 9.5 cm ("most severe pain" at the far right). Subjects marked their pain rating on the scale with an "X". The distance from the beginning of the scale (far left) to the "X" was measured in cm. The mean VAS score was assessed at baseline and at the 48-hour follow-up visit. The overall mean improvement was compared between the 2 arms using two-tailed t-tests.
Abscess Wound Healing Determined By Wound Improvement Score	Abscess wound healing, assessed by wound improvement, was reviewed at the 48-hour visit.	Wound improvement assessments were used to determine if the use of pressurized irrigation with Irrisept in uncomplicated abscesses improved wound healing when compared to pressurized irrigation with SoC (normal saline). Wound improvement was assessed via a clinician's discretion, according to a 5-point Likert scale: 1 = clinically resolved, no signs of active infection; 2 = markedly improved, resolving infection and healing; 3 = improved with some remaining signs of active infection; 4 = unchanged, stable without signs of worsening clinical infection and; 5 = worsening conditions. The results are shown using a chi-squared test, as an average Likert score compared between the 2 arms.
Abscess Wound Healing Determined By Exudation Score	Abscess wound healing, assessed by exudation, was reviewed at baseline and the 48-hour visit.	Exudation assessments were used to determine if the use of pressurized irrigation with Irrisept in uncomplicated abscesses improved wound healing when compared to pressurized irrigation with SoC (normal saline). Exudation was assessed via a clinician's discretion, according to a 5-point Likert scale: 1 = none; 2 = scant; 3 = minimal; 4 = moderate and; 5 = copious. The results are shown using a chi-squared test to compare the means at baseline and 48-hours. A two-tailed t-test was conducted for the mean improvement.
Number of Subjects That Used Oral Antibiotics	24, 48, 72 & 96-hour visit intervals	Oral antibiotic use was used to determine if the use of pressurized irrigation with Irrisept in uncomplicated abscesses improved wound healing when compared to pressurized irrigation with SoC (normal saline).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Oral Antibiotic Use Required, Determined By Induration (Abscess Area Size)	48-hours after baseline	Induration or abscess size was assessed to determine if the use of Irrisept reduced or eliminated the need for oral antibiotics in uncomplicated abscesses. The need for oral antibiotics, assessed by the mean induration or abscess size (measured in cm), was reviewed at baseline and the 48-hour visit. Mean improvement was compared between the 2 arms using two-tailed t-tests.
Oral Antibiotic Use Required Due To Fluctuance	The need for oral antibiotics, assessed by fluctuance, was reviewed at baseline and the 48-hour visit.	The presence of fluctuance was assessed to determine if the use of Irrisept reduced or eliminated the need for oral antibiotics in uncomplicated abscesses. Clinicians recorded whether fluctuance was present for each subject initially and after 48 hours.
Oral Antibiotic Use Required, Determined By Erythema Area Size	The need for oral antibiotics, assessed by erythema, was reviewed at baseline and the 48-hour visit.	Erythema was assessed to determine if the use of Irrisept reduced or eliminated the need for oral antibiotics in uncomplicated abscesses. The mean circumference of the erythema area, measured in centimeters (cm), was assessed at baseline and 48-hours later. This was performed by the clinician drawing a circle with a marker around the area of redness surrounding the abscess. Mean improvement was compared between the 2 arms using two-tailed t-tests.
Oral Antibiotic Use Required Due To Warmth	The need for oral antibiotics, assessed by warmth, was reviewed at baseline and the 48-hour visit.	Warmth was assessed to determine if the use of Irrisept reduced or eliminated the need for oral antibiotics in uncomplicated abscesses. Clinicians recorded whether the abscess was warm for each subject initially and after 48 hours.