An observational cross-sectional study on Clinical Profile of adult patients presenting with Acute Thrombosis in tertiary care centre.

Thromboembolism includes venous thrombosis, arterial thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) a significant contributor to the worldwide healthcare burden. The most common forms of arterial thrombosis, ischemic heart disease (including acute myocardial infarction), and ischemic stroke. In recent years, studies have increasingly noted differences between isolated pulmonary embolism (PE), a pulmonary thrombus diagnosed without concomitant deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and DVT-associated pulmonary embolism. The first difference highlighted concerned the prevalence of the Factor V Leiden mutation (F5 G1691A), a missense substitution that renders activated coagulation factor V resistant to inactivation by activated protein C, facilitating excessive thrombin generation. A second notable finding was that cardiac disease appears to be more prevalent among patients with isolated PE than among patients with DVT associated PE.3,4 Large cross-sectional studies have provided evidence that atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, history of myocardial infarction and stroke, and cardiomyopathy and (left-sided) heart failure are overrepresented in patients with isolated PE. There is a need, therefore, to investigate and define the clinical profile of patients with thrombosis among this population, in order to recognize those who will need considerate attention to prevent complications like pulmonary embolism. The main reason for the increased risk of thromboembolism in pregnancy is hypercoagulability, which has likely evolved to protect women from the bleeding challenges of miscarriage and childbirth. Women are at a 4- to 5-fold increased risk of thromboembolism during pregnancy and the postpartum period compared with when they are not pregnant. Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLAs) are autoantibodies that target phospholipid-binding proteins, the hallmark of APS comprises the persistent presence of APLAs in the setting of arterial and venous thrombus or pregnancy loss, the most common sites for venous and arterial thrombosis are the lower limbs and cerebral arterial circulation, respectively. However, thrombosis can occur in any organ. APLAs include: Anticardiolipin antibodies IgG or IgM (ELISA), Anti-beta-2 glycoprotein-I (anti-beta2GPI) antibodies IgG or IgM (ELISA), Lupus anticoagulants (functional clotting assays). Combined oral contraceptives combine with a heterozygous factor V Leiden mutation, the risk of venous thrombosis is increased up to 35-fold, while 16 fold if combined with prothrombin G20210A mutation. Study site: Department of General Medicine, Dr DY Patil Hospital Study population: Patients attending OPD and IPD of Department of Medicine. Inclusion Criteria 1. Adult patients (>12yrs) 2. Both males and females 3. Patients who presented to tertiary care centre with acute thrombus or proven thrombus episode. 4. Pregnancy Exclusion criteria1. Patients below the age of 12yrs 2. Patient with chronic history of thrombosis. 3. Patients who does not give consent.