Comparison of the Immediate Effect of Flossband and Mobilization With Movement on Shoulder Mobility in Volleyball Athletes: A Randomized Clinical Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 尚未招募
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 36
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Shoulder Range of Motion - External Rotation
研究概览
简要总结
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if Floss Band application works as effectively as mobilization with movement (MWM) to improve shoulder mobility in volleyball athletes. It will also explore whether these techniques affect athletes' perception of movement fluency and sport-specific performance.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
Does Floss Band application immediately improve shoulder range of motion in volleyball athletes? Does Floss Band application change the perception of movement fluency compared to MWM? Does Floss Band application impact sport-specific performance tests compared to MWM?
Participants will:
Be randomly assigned to receive either Floss Band or mobilization with movement Have their shoulder mobility, perception of movement, and sport performance tested before and immediately after the intervention
详细描述
Overhead sports such as volleyball demand repetitive, high-velocity arm movements that predispose athletes to musculoskeletal adaptations, especially in the glenohumeral joint. Among these, glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) is a frequent finding, typically associated with posterior capsular tightness and muscular adaptations. This condition has been linked to decreased shoulder performance and a greater risk of overuse injuries.
Conservative approaches are essential for preserving mobility and reducing injury risk in overhead athletes. Mobilization with movement (MWM) is a well-established manual therapy intervention, combining therapist-applied accessory glenohumeral mobilization with the athlete's active shoulder motion. Evidence supports its capacity to produce immediate improvements in range of motion and sensorimotor control.
In contrast, the use of compressive elastic bands, or Floss Bands, represents a more recent strategy in rehabilitation. Proposed mechanisms include transient ischemia followed by reperfusion, improved soft tissue gliding, neuromuscular activation, and increased proprioceptive input. Although Floss Band applications have gained popularity, robust evidence on their effects in overhead athletes is still limited.
The current randomized, controlled, double-blind equivalence trial aims to compare the immediate effects of Floss Band application with MWM on shoulder mobility in volleyball athletes. The equivalence design was selected because both interventions are hypothesized to provide similar clinical benefits, and the study seeks to determine whether the novel approach (Floss Band) is not inferior to the well-established MWM.
Intervention Procedures Participants will undergo two assessments: baseline and immediately post-intervention. Interventions will be delivered by researchers trained and standardized in both techniques.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 50 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Age between 18 and 50 years.
- •Male or female volleyball athletes (indoor or beach), at amateur or professional level.
- •Regular training routine of at least two sessions per week.
- •No shoulder pain at the time of testing or during the previous three months.
排除标准
- •History of shoulder surgery, structural shoulder injuries (e.g., fractures, labrum tear), or recurrent glenohumeral dislocation.
- •Skin disorders contraindicating the intervention, including active dermatitis, inflammatory-phase psoriasis, cutaneous infections (e.g., folliculitis), open wounds, burns, eczema, or hypersensitivity in the shoulder region.
- •Vascular disorders contraindicating the intervention, including history or diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis, symptomatic varicose veins, peripheral arterial disease, lymphedema, or advanced chronic venous insufficiency.
- •Other conditions contraindicating intervention: peripheral neuropathies with significant sensory loss, presence of a pacemaker in the region of band application, known allergy to elastic band material, or pain during shoulder movement at assessment.
- •Development of shoulder or elbow injuries during the study, especially requiring surgical intervention.
- •Participants who voluntarily withdraw from the study at any time.
研究组 & 干预措施
Mobilization with Movement (MWM) Group
Participants in this arm will perform the standardized Mobilization with Movement (MWM) protocol. While seated in a chair with back support and hips, knees, and ankles at 90° flexion, the researcher will stabilize the scapula with one hand and apply a posterolateral glide to the anterior humeral head with the other hand during active shoulder elevation in the scapular plane. The intervention consists of 3 sets of 10 repetitions, with a 1-minute rest interval between sets. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and immediately post-intervention, including shoulder range of motion using a digital inclinometer, perception of movement fluency using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and sport-specific performance tests (One-arm Seated Shot Put Test and Functional Throwing Performance Index).
干预措施: Mobilization with Movement (MWM) Group (Other)
Floss Band Group (FBG)
Participants in this arm will perform the standardized Floss Band (FBG) protocol. While seated with the shoulder at 90° abduction, the researcher will apply a compressive elastic band made of 100% polymer gel (T.P.E), measuring 210 cm in length, 5 cm in width, and 1.3 mm in thickness. The first anchor is placed two fingers medial to the acromion, and the band is wrapped around the shoulder until the second anchor at the end of the band is fixed. After the application, the participant will perform sport-specific movements (spike and serve) for 2 minutes. Following the completion of the compression period, the band will be removed. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and immediately post-intervention, including shoulder range of motion using a digital inclinometer, perception of movement fluency using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and sport-specific performance tests (One-arm Seated Shot Put Test and Functional Throwing Performance Index).
干预措施: Floss Band Group (FBG) (Device)
结局指标
主要结局
Shoulder Range of Motion - External Rotation
时间窗: Baseline (prior to intervention, Day 1) and post-intervention (Day 1)
Glenohumeral external rotation (dominant shoulder) will be measured using the Baseline® Digital Inclinometer. The participant will lie in the supine position with the shoulder abducted to 90°, elbow flexed to 90°, and forearm in neutral. The inclinometer will be placed on the anterior mid-forearm, and the participant will perform active external rotation. Three measurements will be taken, and the mean value will be calculated for analysis.
Shoulder Range of Motion - Internal Rotation, Flexion, Abduction, Horizontal Abduction
时间窗: Baseline (prior to intervention, Day 1) and post-intervention (Day 1)
Internal rotation: same supine position, inclinometer on posterior mid-forearm. Flexion and abduction: seated with hips, knees, and ankles at 90° flexion; inclinometer on anterior humerus for flexion, lateral mid-humerus for abduction. Horizontal abduction: supine, shoulder 90° abduction, 90° external rotation, elbow 90° flexion; inclinometer on anterior mid-humerus. Three measurements per movement will be recorded and averaged.
次要结局
- Functional Performance - One-arm Seated Single Arm Shot Put Test (OSP)(Baseline (prior to intervention, Day 1) and post-intervention (Day 1))
- Functional Throwing Performance Index (FTPI)(Baseline (prior to intervention, Day 1) and post-intervention (Day 1))
- Perceived Movement Fluency (VAS)(Immediately post-intervention (Day 1))
研究者
Valéria Mayaly Alves de Oliveira
Professor, Researcher, and Principal Investigator (PhD), Federal University of Paraíba
Federal University of Paraíba