Changes of Dental Anxiety, Aesthetic Perception and Oral Health-related Quality of Life Related to Influencing Factors of Patients' Demographics After Anterior Implant Treatment

The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the changes of DA, aesthetic perception and OHRQoL related to influencing factors of patients' age, gender and educational status after anterior implant treatment.

The subjects (n=39) included in this prospective study were recruited from those patients with anterior missing teeth at the Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University.

Patients satisfying the following inclusion criteria were recruited: (1) age≥18 years old; (2) partially anterior edentulous jaws; (3) patients will be given an anterior implant surgery and implant-supported fixed rehabilitation; (4) patients could express themselves and communicate normally; (4) willing to participate in and accept investigation. Exclusion criteria were (1) use of anti-anxiety and painkillers within 1 year.; (2) mental and psychological diseases with poor emotional self-control; (3) a history of previous implant loss; (4) ongoing active infections by endodontic or periodontal problems of all the remaining teeth; (5) combined complex surgery including maxillary sinus augumentation, and large-block autogenous bone grafting.

Before implant surgery, all participants signed an informed consent form and were given sufficient time in the waiting room to answer the following three scales. The modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS) included five questions with a 5-category scale, ranging from 'not' to 'extremely'. The Orofacial Esthetics Scale (OES) is a scale that was designed by 8 items to evaluate the self-perception of aesthetic implant treatment (Ranged from 0 to 10 scores, 0 is 'Very dissatisfied' and 10 is 'Very satisfied'). The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) is to measure OHRQoL, comprising 14 statements with 5 scores (1 = Not, 2 = Seldom, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = Often, 5 = Very often; total scores: 14-70). Influencing factors of patients' demographics including age, gender and educational status were obtained from the medical records.

Patients received routine examinations before surgery. The surgical procedures were performed by experienced experts. Immediate loading protocol was delivered if the insertion torque was over 35 N·cm; otherwise, removable restorations with submerged implants were applied. After a healing period of 3 to 6 months, a definitive screw-retained porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) or a CAD/CAM zirconia restoration were performed.