A Comparative study to assess the efficacy of 0.25%Ropivacaine and 0.25%Ropivacaine with Dexmeditomedine in Ultrasound guided Transverse Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative analgesia in unilateral open inguinal hernia surgeries under General Anaesthesia.

Hernia of abdominal wall are quite common having a prevalence of 1.7%for all ages and 4% for those older than 45years. Inguinal hernia repair (IHR) is one of the most common surgery, it is associated with 60% incidence of moderate to severe postoperative pain. Inguinal hernia repair is a relatively short and simple procedure. However, patients may experience moderate-to-severe post-operative pain that can affect their functional status and overall quality of life, which is of considerable concern who are at high risk for chronic pain, post-operative delirium (POD) and other post-operative complications. Ultrasonography-guided Transverse Abdominis Block is an effective peripheral abdominal field block ,which involves injecting local anesthetics into plane between internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscle ,where the intercostal ,subcostal,iliohypogastric ,ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerve ,primarily innervate the lower abdominal wall. .TAP block provides significant analgesic effect especially below T10 upto L1 level,hence it is used in lower abdominal and gynecological surgeries. Ropivacaine is most commonly used local anesthetic for peripheral nerve block due to its prolonged duration of action,differential blockade and lesser cardiac toxicity.6 Dexmedetomidine is a selective alpha-2 adrenergic agonist with both analgesic and sedative properties. When administered as a perineural adjuvant, dexmedetomidine reduces initial blocking time while prolonging sensory and motor blockade duration.In this study we are comparing between 0.25%Ropivacaine and 0.25%Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine in Transverse Abdominis Plane block for unilateral inguinal hernia surgeries, in terms of efficacy and duration of analgesia.