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Ketogenic Diet and Chemotherapy in Affecting Recurrence in Patients With Stage IV Breast Cancer

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Stage IV Breast Cancer AJCC v6 and v7
Interventions
Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Dietary Supplement: Dietary Intervention
Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment
Other: Questionnaire Administration
Registration Number
NCT03535701
Lead Sponsor
Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
Brief Summary

This pilot clinical trial studies how well a ketogenic diet and chemotherapy work in affecting the return of cancer in patients with stage IV breast cancer. Ketogenic diet may be more effective than standard nutrition and may affect quality of life, inflammation, and tumor-related changes. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as paclitaxel, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving ketogenic diet and chemotherapy may be better in patients with breast cancer.

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate the feasibility of implementing a diet that induces nutritional ketosis in women who are initiating palliative chemotherapy to treat advanced stage breast cancer (BC).

II. To determine the effects of a ketogenic diet on tumor progression. III. To determine the effects of nutritional ketosis on biologic and behavioral health markers.

OUTLINE: Patients are assigned to 1 of 2 arms.

ARM I: Patients receive standard of care therapy with paclitaxel.

ARM II: Patients receive standard of care with paclitaxel. Patients undergo a controlled feeding period ketogenic diet comprising of meals prepared in the research kitchen for 3 months. Beginning 2 weeks prior to completion of the controlled feeding period, patients also undergo free living ketogenic diet program for 3 months comprising of group format, individual sessions, and online digital content to educate patients to implement a ketogenic eating pattern into their lifestyle.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
20
Inclusion Criteria
  • Body mass index (BMI) >= 22 kg/m^2
  • Confirmed diagnosis of metastatic or stage IV BC
  • Fludeoxyglucose F-18 (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) avid tumors
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-1 (0=participant has either normal activity, 1= participant has some symptoms but is nearly full ambulatory)
  • Life expectancy > 6 months
  • Able and willing to follow prescribed diet intervention
Exclusion Criteria
  • Prior chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) (prior adjuvant chemotherapy permitted as long as > 12 months [mo])
  • BMI < 25 kg/m^2
  • Weight change > 5% within 3 months of enrollment
  • Type 1 diabetes
  • History of diabetes with retinopathy requiring treatment
  • Current use of insulin or sulfonylureads for glycemic control, or history of ketoacidosis
  • Intestinal obstruction
  • Bilirubin > 2
  • Albumin < 3.5
  • Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 55 mL/min
  • Creatinine > 2.0
  • Urinary albumin > 1 g/day
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Pregnant or nursing women
  • Unable to provide informed consent
  • Uncontrolled concurrent medical conditions that would limit compliance with study requirements

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Arm I (standard of care)Laboratory Biomarker AnalysisPatients receive standard of care therapy with paclitaxel.
Arm I (standard of care)PaclitaxelPatients receive standard of care therapy with paclitaxel.
Arm I (standard of care)Quality-of-Life AssessmentPatients receive standard of care therapy with paclitaxel.
Arm I (standard of care)Questionnaire AdministrationPatients receive standard of care therapy with paclitaxel.
Arm II (standard of care, ketogenic diet)Dietary InterventionPatients receive standard of care with paclitaxel. Patients undergo a controlled feeding period ketogenic diet comprising of meals prepared in the research kitchen for 3 months. Beginning 2 weeks prior to completion of the controlled feeding period, patients also undergo free living ketogenic diet program for 3 months comprising of group format, individual sessions, and online digital content to educate patients to implement a ketogenic eating pattern into their lifestyle.
Arm II (standard of care, ketogenic diet)Laboratory Biomarker AnalysisPatients receive standard of care with paclitaxel. Patients undergo a controlled feeding period ketogenic diet comprising of meals prepared in the research kitchen for 3 months. Beginning 2 weeks prior to completion of the controlled feeding period, patients also undergo free living ketogenic diet program for 3 months comprising of group format, individual sessions, and online digital content to educate patients to implement a ketogenic eating pattern into their lifestyle.
Arm II (standard of care, ketogenic diet)PaclitaxelPatients receive standard of care with paclitaxel. Patients undergo a controlled feeding period ketogenic diet comprising of meals prepared in the research kitchen for 3 months. Beginning 2 weeks prior to completion of the controlled feeding period, patients also undergo free living ketogenic diet program for 3 months comprising of group format, individual sessions, and online digital content to educate patients to implement a ketogenic eating pattern into their lifestyle.
Arm II (standard of care, ketogenic diet)Quality-of-Life AssessmentPatients receive standard of care with paclitaxel. Patients undergo a controlled feeding period ketogenic diet comprising of meals prepared in the research kitchen for 3 months. Beginning 2 weeks prior to completion of the controlled feeding period, patients also undergo free living ketogenic diet program for 3 months comprising of group format, individual sessions, and online digital content to educate patients to implement a ketogenic eating pattern into their lifestyle.
Arm II (standard of care, ketogenic diet)Questionnaire AdministrationPatients receive standard of care with paclitaxel. Patients undergo a controlled feeding period ketogenic diet comprising of meals prepared in the research kitchen for 3 months. Beginning 2 weeks prior to completion of the controlled feeding period, patients also undergo free living ketogenic diet program for 3 months comprising of group format, individual sessions, and online digital content to educate patients to implement a ketogenic eating pattern into their lifestyle.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Adherence and compliance to the ketogenic dietUp to 26 weeks

Summaries from diet assessments and ketone logs will be plotted over time to assess adherence and compliance to the ketogenic diet.

Changes in psychosocial measuresBaseline up to 26 weeks

Summary measures such as Cohens d will be used. Linear and nonlinear mixed models will be used as appropriate to model changes in tumor markers, comorbidity risk factors, and other measures over time, with emphasis will be on estimating effect sizes (such as slopes of change). Post hoc tests will be used to examine pairwise comparisons when significant main or interaction effects are observed. The alpha level for significance will be set at p =\< 0.05.

Changes in physiologic outcomesBaseline up to 26 weeks

Summary measures such as Cohens d will be used. Linear and nonlinear mixed models will be used as appropriate to model changes in tumor markers, comorbidity risk factors, and other measures over time, with emphasis will be on estimating effect sizes (such as slopes of change). Post hoc tests will be used to examine pairwise comparisons when significant main or interaction effects are observed. The alpha level for significance will be set at p =\< 0.05.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Columbus, Ohio, United States

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