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Preventing Invasive Cervical Cancer: The Importance of Expectant Management in Young Women With High-grade Pre-cancerous Lesions

Completed
Conditions
High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions
Interventions
Other: Data extraction from medical files
Biological: Immunohistochemistry
Registration Number
NCT03920800
Lead Sponsor
Catherine Vanpachterbeke
Brief Summary

Lesions classified as "High Grade Squamous Intra-epithelial Lesions" (HSIL) are pre-cervical lesions of the cervix, induced by infection with the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). The detection and proper management of these lesions greatly reduces the incidence of invasive cervical cancer.

Pap smear remains the most effective tool for early detection of low and high-grade cervical lesions. In Belgium, screening for cervical cancer is recommended every 3 years for women between 25 and 65 years old.

HPV is a virus who possesses certain oncogenic genes who have the ability to inactivate tumor suppressor genes in the host cell. This promotes a tumorigenesis process within the tissues affected by the virus. The majority of human papillomavirus infections are transient and spontaneously cleared by host defense mechanisms, especially in the first two years after exposure. However, 10-20% of infections persist latently and may eventually lead to progression to invasive cervical cancer.

Even high-grade lesions kan naturally be cleared, even more so if the patient is young and immuno-competent. Therefore, the management of HSIL lesions in young women has been modified and consists of adopting mainly a conservative attitude, with controls every 6 months for 2 years. This management makes it possible to avoid unnecessary conizations of the cervix which, in young nulliparous patients, are not devoid of heavy obstetric consequences during subsequent pregnancies (premature birth, perinatal mortality). Cervical conization will only be considered for lesions that progress during follow-up or that persist beyond 2 years. However, this type of follow-up requires that patients be compliant.

Our study has two main objectives:

* to determine the compliance of CHU Brugmann Hospital patients who have been proposed a conservative strategy for the management of HSIL lesions.

* to identify the predictive factors for the persistence and / or progression of high-grade pre-cancerous dysplastic lesions.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
100
Inclusion Criteria
  • Patients followed within the CHU Brugmann Hospital (no private practices).
  • HSIL lesions confirmed by anatomopathologic analysis on cervical biopsies or cone specimen without evidence of invasive lesions
Exclusion Criteria
  • Invasive lesions

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Conservative management - progressionImmunohistochemistryYoung women with high grade pre-cancerous lesions, followed within the CHU Brugmann Hospital according to a conservative attitude, with progressive lesions or lesions remaining present after 2 years of follow-up.
ConisationImmunohistochemistryYoung women with high grade pre-cancerous lesions, followed within the CHU Brugmann Hospital by means of conisations.
Conservative management - spontaneous regressionData extraction from medical filesYoung women with high grade pre-cancerous lesions, followed within the CHU Brugmann Hospital according to a conservative attitude, who showed a spontaneous regression of the lesions during the 2 years follow-up.
Conservative management - progressionData extraction from medical filesYoung women with high grade pre-cancerous lesions, followed within the CHU Brugmann Hospital according to a conservative attitude, with progressive lesions or lesions remaining present after 2 years of follow-up.
ConisationData extraction from medical filesYoung women with high grade pre-cancerous lesions, followed within the CHU Brugmann Hospital by means of conisations.
Conservative management - spontaneous regressionImmunohistochemistryYoung women with high grade pre-cancerous lesions, followed within the CHU Brugmann Hospital according to a conservative attitude, who showed a spontaneous regression of the lesions during the 2 years follow-up.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Cytologic results of the cervico-uterine smear.Every six months over a period of 24 months

Cytologic results of the cervico-uterine smear. Diagnose established by the anatomo-pathologist.

Patient observanceEvery six months over a period of 24 months

Numeric value: 1 (optimal), 2 (acceptable), 3 (absent).

Groups having benefited from a conservative attitude: Optimal compliance: 4 consultations in 24 months and / or indication of conization. Acceptable compliance: 2 to 3 consultations in 24 months. Observance absent: 0 to 1 consultation in 24 months. Groups having benefited from conization:

Optimal compliance: 2 consultations after conisation. Acceptable compliance: 1 after consultation. Observance absent: 0 consultation after conisation.

Endocervix damageEvery six months over a period of 24 months

Is the endocervix affected by the HSIL lesion (yes or no) ?

Extent of dysplastic lesionsEvery six months over a period of 24 months

Defined as the number of quadrants reached by the lesion.

Histologic results of the cervical biopsiesEvery six months over a period of 24 months

Histologic results of the cervical biopsies.Diagnose established by the anatomo-pathologist.

Immuno-histologic results Ki67Every six months over a period of 24 months

Percentage of Ki67 antibody reactivity on the cervix biopsies

Immuno-histologic results p16Every six months over a period of 24 months

Percentage of p16 antibody reactivity on the cervix biopsies

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
GestityEvery six months over a period of 24 months

Total number of pregnancies

ParityEvery six months over a period of 24 months

Total number of children born

Quality of colposcopic examinationsEvery six months over a period of 24 months

Defined as satisfactory or unsatisfactory (junction area completely seen or not seen).

Age at first patient visit1 day

Age at first patient visit

Response time to the convocation for colposcopyUp to 24 months

Time between the patient's appointment and the receipt of the convocation for colposcopy

HIV statusEvery six months over a period of 24 months

HIV positive or negative

Smoking statusEvery six months over a period of 24 months

Smoking or non smoking

HPV statusEvery six months over a period of 24 months

Positive or negative for HPV virus

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

CHU Brugmann

🇧🇪

Brussels, Belgium

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