The Effects of Resveratrol and Acute Exercise on Endothelial Function in Postmenopausal Women
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- Placebo patch
- Conditions
- Endothelial Dysfunction
- Sponsor
- University of Colorado, Denver
- Enrollment
- 25
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Percent Change in Brachial Artery Flow-mediated Dilation at Each Time Point
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 6 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
This pilot study plans to learn more about the aging of blood vessels and arteries in women. As women age and go through menopause, their risk for cardiovascular disease increases. Also with aging and menopause, levels of the reproductive hormone estradiol decline. Hormone replacement therapy to restore estradiol levels does not protect women from cardiovascular disease, so lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise, are recommended to reduce disease risk. However, there are differences between men and women in their response to exercise. In older men, exercise improves the health of their arteries, but in postmenopausal women, exercise does not provide this benefit. The purpose of this pilot study is to determine whether low estradiol levels in postmenopausal women are responsible for the poor vascular response to exercise. In this study the investigators will also test whether treatment with resveratrol, a plant compound found in red wine, improves postmenopausal women's response to exercise. The investigators hypothesize that acute treatment with estrogen or resveratrol will improve vascular responses to an acute bout of exercise.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Between the ages of 50-70 and at least 1 year beyond menopause;
- •resting blood pressure \<140/90 mmHg;
- •plasma glucose concentrations \<110 mg/dL under fasting conditions;
- •BMI \< 35;
- •LDL cholesterol \< 160 mg/dL;
- •sedentary or recreationally active (\<3 days of vigorous aerobic exercise);
- •no use of OCs, HT, or other medications that might influence cardiovascular function;
- •nonsmokers;
- •no use of vitamin supplements, blood thinners or NSAIDS, or willing to stop use one month prior to and for the duration of the study;
- •not taking any other medications that would interact with E2 patch or resveratrol to confound interpretation of results.
Exclusion Criteria
- •history of or active E2-dependent neoplasms, acute liver or gallbladder disease, vaginal bleeding, venous thromboembolism, hypertriglyceridemia (≥ 150 mg/dL), and CVD;
- •known allergy to transdermal patch, or resveratrol;
- •history of stomach ulcer or bleeding;
- •other contraindications to HT or resveratrol.
- •other conditions for which individuals will be excluded from the study include: diabetes, active infection, history of seizures or disease that affects the nervous system or an abnormal resting ECG.
Arms & Interventions
Placebo patch - placebo tablets
Postmenopausal women will be given a placebo patch to wear two days prior to exercise visit and a placebo tablet to take the morning of the exercise visit.
Intervention: Placebo patch
Placebo patch - placebo tablets
Postmenopausal women will be given a placebo patch to wear two days prior to exercise visit and a placebo tablet to take the morning of the exercise visit.
Intervention: Placebo
Placebo patch - Resveratrol tablets
Postmenopausal women will be given a placebo patch to wear for two days prior to the exercise visit and a resveratrol tablet (dosed at 250mg) to take the morning of the exercise visit.
Intervention: Placebo patch
Placebo patch - Resveratrol tablets
Postmenopausal women will be given a placebo patch to wear for two days prior to the exercise visit and a resveratrol tablet (dosed at 250mg) to take the morning of the exercise visit.
Intervention: Resveratrol
Climara patch - placebo tablets
Postmenopausal women will be given a transdermal estrogen patch to wear (0.05mg/day) for two days prior to the exercise visit and a placebo tablet to take the morning of the exercise visit.
Intervention: Climara
Climara patch - placebo tablets
Postmenopausal women will be given a transdermal estrogen patch to wear (0.05mg/day) for two days prior to the exercise visit and a placebo tablet to take the morning of the exercise visit.
Intervention: Placebo
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Percent Change in Brachial Artery Flow-mediated Dilation at Each Time Point
Time Frame: Up to 2 hours post-exercise
Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation represents the percent change in artery diameter (before and after blood pressure cuff inflation-deflation) within each time point.
Secondary Outcomes
- Gene and Protein Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells(baseline, 1-2 hours post-exercise)
- Change in Nitrate/Nitrite Levels(baseline, 1-2 hrs post-exercise)