The Neuromarker S-100B in Patients With Subarachnoidal, Epidural, Subdural, and Intracerebral Hematoma, Edema Cerebri, and Concussion

The neuromarker S-100B is a well established tool for decision making in patients traumatic brain injury (TBI)in Europe. In many hospitals S-100B is used routinely as a part of a set of high- and medium risk factors aiding the decision to perform a cranial computed tomography (CCT) in patients with minor head injury (MHI). In patients with severe head injury Raabe et al. found a significant correlation between the S-100B levels and unfavourable outcome in patients with severe brain injury with serum levels higher than 0.50 μg/l measured 24h after injury. The average level of the neuromarker, compared with other studies. The study of Biberthaler et al. showed highest levels in patients with epidural hematomas, followed by subdural, subarachnoidal and intracerebral hematomas. On the contrary the average S-100B levels of patients with epidural hematomas featured in a study by Unden et al. published in 2005 displayed normal levels (<0.2 μg/L). They concluded that S-100B was unreliable as a marker for epidural hematomas.

Aim of the study Validation of S-100B in patients with intracerebral, epidural, subdural, and subarachnoidal hematoma, brain edema and concussion (Group 1-6), to find evidence which kind of injury leads to which level of elevation of the neuromarker measured in peripheral blood.