Reducing Health Disparities for Black Women in the Treatment of Insomnia

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Insomnia

Interventions: Behavioral: SHUTi
Behavioral: modified SHUTi (i.e., SHUTi-BWHS)
Behavioral: Patient education

Registration Number: NCT03613519

Lead Sponsor: Boston University

Brief Summary: Black women are at a higher risk of developing insomnia than other women and insomnia has profound adverse physical and psychological health consequences. There is an internet-delivered treatment program for insomnia that has been shown to be effective in White individuals but there is little evidence of the effectiveness of this treatment among Black women. The goal of this study is to conduct a comparative effectiveness trial of three online insomnia therapies after a 6 month follow-up period--a cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) called SHUTi (Sleep Healthy Using the Internet), SHUTi modified for Black women (SHUTi-BWHS), and patient education (PE) (usual treatment). This study aims to provide the much needed evidence to help Black women make informed decisions regarding treatment for their insomnia.

Detailed Description: Eligible Black Women's Health Study (BWHS) participants who completed the Insomnia Severity Index(ISI) on the 2015 BWHS questionnaire with a score compatible with insomnia disorder will be randomly selected to receive information that will inform them of the opportunity to participate in a free program designed to address their sleep problems. They will then be directed to an Insomnia Study Website which will provide information about the study and directions on how to complete an online screening questionnaire for those interested in participating. Reminders will be sent to these selected women to encourage participation.

Once interested women submit the screening questionnaire, an internal assessment will be carried out to see if potential participants are eligible. Those determined to be ineligible will be sent a thank you letter and informed that they were not selected for this trial. Those who meet the qualifications for the study will be directed to the informed consent form with a note indicating that a member of the study team will call them within several days at a time they indicated would be convenient for them. The study team member will then call each eligible subject and review with her, over the phone, each section of the consent form. A verbal acknowledgement of consent, or non-consent, will be recorded in the study database.

Once women have been verbally consented, they will be instructed on the use of the web programs and, completion of online sleep logs. Privacy concerns will be addressed. Pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 6-month assessment questionnaires, including the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) will be administered pre-intervention (Time 1), post-intervention 9 weeks after Time 1 (Time 2), and 6 months later (Time 3). After the pre-intervention questionnaires and sleep logs are completed, participants will be informed of their treatment which was selected at random from the three online treatments: SHUTi -BWHS, SHUTi, and patient education (PE) (also called sleep hygiene or sleep information). The PE group will use a website that discusses ways to improve behaviors and environments that can affect sleep. This material is also included in the other 2 treatments but is presented in a different way. Participants using the PE website may log in as often as they like for as long as they like. Participants randomized to SHUTi-BWHS or SHUTi will use a web program that has six modules called Cores. Participants will log in to the six modules of their assigned treatment program over an 8-week period. Cores are completed one at a time in order. Each Core is expected to take 45 to 60 minutes to complete. Each Core contains information and exercises designed to help change behaviors and thoughts that can contribute to sleep problems.

Nine weeks after completing the initial pre-intervention questionnaire, all participants will be asked to complete another questionnaire about their sleep and health, which includes the ISI, and also to complete 10 sleep diaries. Six months later, participants will be asked again to complete a questionnaire that includes the ISI, followed by completion of 10 sleep diaries.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: Female

Target Recruitment: 333

Inclusion Criteria

Participants in the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS) with clinically elevated symptoms of insomnia previously reported on a BWHS questionnaire.
Access to a computer or tablet and internet access

Exclusion Criteria

Intention to change use pattern of prescribed or over-the-counter sleep aid
1 or more untreated sleep disorders
Employed in a position where sleep restriction may endanger others
Active shift work employment
Untreated, current, and/or severe psychiatric condition
Consume 14 or more alcoholic drinks/week
Unstable or acute medical condition

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
SHUTi (Sleep Healthy Using the Internet)	SHUTi	SHUTi is web-based cognitive-behavioral therapy instrument for insomnia (CBT-I)
modified SHUTi (SHUTi modified for Black women)	modified SHUTi (i.e., SHUTi-BWHS)	The CBT-I instrument tailored for Black women.
Patient education (sleep hygiene)	Patient education	A web-based program that presents ways to improve behaviors and environments that can affect sleep.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in Sleep Difficulties Assessed by the Insomnia Severity Index	Time 1 (baseline), Time 3 (6 months after expected completion of program)	A change in sleep difficulties will be assessed by the change in the ISI (Insomnia Severity Index) score. The ISI is a 7-item self-report questionnaire assessing the nature, severity, and impact of insomnia in the past month. The specific items evaluate the severity of difficulties with sleep onset, sleep maintenance, and early morning awakening; sleep dissatisfaction; interference of sleep problems with daytime functioning; noticeability of sleep difficulties by others; and distress caused by sleep difficulties. A 5-point Likert scale (0 = none; 4 = very severe) is used to rate each item, with total scores ranging from 0 to 28. A higher total score indicates more severe sleep difficulties.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in Total Sleep Time (TST)	Time 1 (baseline), Time 3 (6 months after expected completion of program)	TST is the amount of time spent asleep in bed, measured in minutes and then converted to hours. Total sleep time is calculated by subtracting SOL (Sleep Onset Latency, WASO (Wake After Sleep Onset) and EMA (Early Morning Arise) from total time in bed (TIB).
Completion of All 6 Cores/Modules	Time 3 (6 months after expected completion of program)	The percentage of participants in the SHUTi and modified SHUTI arms who completed all six cores/modules during the study
Change in Sleep Onset Latency (SOL)	Time 1 (baseline), Time 3 (6 months after expected completion of program)	SOL is the amount of time it takes to fall asleep measured in minutes.
Change in Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO)	Time 1 (baseline), Time 3 (6 months after expected completion of program)	WASO measures time awake after falling asleep measured in minutes.
Change in Sleep Efficiency (SE)	Time 1 (baseline), Time 3 (6 months after expected completion of program)	Change in Sleep Efficiency (SE). SE is the change in the percentage of time spent asleep while in bed. SE is calculated by dividing the amount of time spent asleep (in minutes) by the total amount of time in bed (in minutes) times 100.