The Effect of Music Postoperative Period

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Cesarean Section; Dehiscence; Postoperative Pain

• Registration Number: NCT07164521
• Lead Sponsor: Selcuk University

Brief Summary

This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effects of music listening on anxiety and pain among women following cesarean delivery. A total of 110 women who had undergone cesarean section were included. Beginning at the 24th postpartum hour, participants in the intervention group listened to relaxing classical music for 15 minutes every hour, while no intervention was applied to the control group. The study was designed to determine whether music listening could influence postpartum anxiety and perceived pain.

Detailed Description

Postpartum women undergoing cesarean section often experience significant levels of anxiety and pain, which can negatively affect recovery and maternal-infant bonding. In addition to pharmacological methods, non-pharmacological strategies such as music listening may play an important role in supporting women during this period. In this study, 110 women who had undergone cesarean delivery were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Starting at the 24th postpartum hour until the 48th hour, women in the intervention group listened to relaxing classical instrumental music (e.g., works by Mozart, Vivaldi, and Debussy) for 15 minutes every hour. The control group received no intervention. Participants' demographic and clinical characteristics were collected using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, while postpartum anxiety and pain perception were assessed with the Postpartum-Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). The primary outcome was anxiety, and the secondary outcome was pain perception. The study sought to assess whether a music-based, culturally appropriate, non-pharmacological intervention could be an effective component of routine postpartum care following cesarean delivery.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2024-02-01
• Primary Completion: 2024-07-30
• Study Completion: 2024-07-31
• Study First Submitted: 2025-08-31
• Status Verified: 2025-09
• Study First Submitted QC: 2025-09-09
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-09-09
• Study First Posted: 2025-09-10
• Last Update Posted: 2025-09-10

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: Female
• Target Recruitment: 110

Inclusion Criteria

• Women aged 18 years or older

Primiparous (first-time mothers)

Underwent cesarean section under spinal anesthesia

Mentally healthy and able to communicate

No hearing impairments (able to hear the music intervention)

No chronic illnesses

No complications during labor for mother or newborn

Proficient in Turkish

Voluntarily agreed to participate and provided informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

Multiparous women (previous childbirth experience)

Women who used non-routine analgesics beyond standard postpartum pain relievers

Presence of psychiatric disorders or severe mental illness

Medical complications during or after delivery for mother or infant

Hearing impairments preventing participation in music listening

Women unwilling or unable to comply with the intervention protocol

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Postpartum Anxiety	48th postpartum hour	Measured using the Postpartum-Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS) at the 48th postpartum hour. Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety.
Pain Catastrophizing	48th postpartum hour	Measured using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) at the 48th postpartum hour. Higher scores indicate greater pain catastrophizing.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Total Duration of Music Listening	Between the 24th and 48th postpartum hour	Total number of minutes of music listened by participants in the intervention group across the intervention period.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Selcuk University; Konya, Turkey (Türkiye)