Exposure to Gun Violence in Movies Increases Interest in Real Guns
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 104
- 主要终点
- Trigger Pulls
研究概览
简要总结
More American children die by accidental gun use than children in other developed countries. One factor that can influence children's interest in guns is exposure to media containing guns. The objective of this study is to test whether children who see a movie containing guns will handle a real gun longer and will pull the trigger more times than children who see the same movie without guns.
详细描述
A recent analysis of top selling films found that the depiction of guns in violent scenes in PG-13 films that target youth has increased from the level of G and PG files in 1985 when the rating was introduced, to the level of R films by 2005, to exceed the level of R films since 2012. By definition, a PG-13 movie is supposed to have less violence than an R-rated movie. The Motion Picture Association of America says on its website that the violence in a PG-13 movie "does not reach the restricted R category." Our study shows that it does. By including guns in violent scenes, film producers may be inadvertently increasing aggression in youth via a weapons effect. This experiment directly tests this hypothesis.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Other
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
盲法说明
Participants did not know which condition they were in. Participants' parents were aware of the deception (hidden gun) and what condition their children were in (with or without guns). Research personnel knew conditions as well. Research assistants who transcribed recorded laboratory sessions did not know what condition they were coding (eg. what type of movie participants watched)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 8 Years 至 12 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Age 8-12yrs, had not participated in study prior, was able to schedule participation with a known peer (8-12yo).
排除标准
- •Younger than 8yo, older than 12yo, had participated in study prior, could not schedule participation with a known peer (8-12yo)
结局指标
主要结局
Trigger Pulls
时间窗: 20 minutes after intervention
The adjusted median of the number of trigger pulls per child. These data refer to the reduced Generalized Estimating Equation model for the two conditions. This model included participant gender and condition, bu not any of the other control variables.
Seconds Holding Gun
时间窗: 20 minutes after intervention
Number of seconds participant held gun
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Brad Bushman
Professor of Communication & Psychology
Ohio State University