Assessment of Gastric Emptying and Fullness of Rice With Different Starch Properties

Studies have indicated that starch-based foods with somewhat high amylose content have slower in vitro starch digestion rates, which relate to a low glycemic response. Low glycemic response is associated with delayed gastric emptying rate as well. Therefore, we hypothesized that rice with a slow starch digesting property would delay gastric emptying. White and brown rice with varying amylose contents were used in this study. A 13C-labeled octanoic acid breath test method was used to measure gastric emptying rate, and questionnaires were used to assess hunger and fullness during the testing sessions. Twelve healthy volunteers were recruited to participate in a crossover design study with six rice treatments and outcome measurements were gastric emptying and satiety assessments. One fermentable carbohydrate (fructooligosaccharide, FOS) solution was used to validate the production of breath hydrogen.