Effectiveness of a Web-based Intervention to Promote Health Screening in Men

Not Applicable

• Conditions: Mass Screening; Preventive Health Services
• Interventions: Behavioral: ScreenMen website

• Registration Number: NCT03583840
• Lead Sponsor: University of Malaya

Brief Summary

Health screening is proven to be effective in reducing morbidity, death and healthcare cost. However, the uptake of health screening is low particularly in men. In the earlier phase of this project, a web-based intervention (ScreenMen) to increase health screening uptake in men was developed based on theories, evidence and user needs. It was tested with experts and users for its utility and usability.

In this phase, a randomised controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of ScreenMen in improving health screening knowledge \& uptake in men. Healthy men, who have not gone for screening in the past 1 year will be recruited via Facebook to participate in this RCT. The participants will be randomised to receive or not to receive ScreenMen. Knowledge and intention to screen will be measured immediately post-intervention. All participants will be followed up at 1 month and 3 months to measure knowledge, intention and actual uptake of screening.

Detailed Description

The uptake of health screening is low in Malaysia, particularly in men. There is a need to increase health screening uptake in men as this will not just save healthcare cost and increase national productivity in the long run but also improve the quality of life of men and their family.

There were many interventions to increase health screening uptake in men which have been identified in the systematic review conducted in the earlier phase of this study. However, there is a lack of ICT-based intervention promoting health screening. The few existing ICT based interventions only focus on screening on a specific disease such as HIV or prostate cancer.(1-3) There was no ICT-based intervention which aimed to increase the uptake of comprehensive health screening.

Studies have shown that ICT-based interventions are effective in improving health behaviour.(4) On top of that, there is a high number of internet accessibility and smartphone ownership in Malaysia, which provides a good platform to promote health screening in men. Thus, ScreenMen, a web-based intervention was developed based on theories, evidence and users' needs. It was tested with experts and users in terms of its utility and usability. (5-7)

To the best of our knowledge, ScreenMen is the first mobile-responsive web-based intervention that promotes comprehensive evidence-based health screening in men. It aims to educate men about screening and empowers them to take charge of their health including undergoing regular health screening. Apart from encouraging health screening, ScreenMen provides advice to men about the recommended health screening they should undergo based on their health risks and educates them to avoid non-evidence-based screening.

Before being launched to the public, a randomised controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of ScreenMen in improving knowledge on screening, intention to screen and the actual uptake of screening. Process evaluation will also be conducted to identify the components that work in improving health screening uptake and resolve any implementation issues of ScreenMen.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2018-06-18
• Study First Submitted QC: 2018-06-28
• Study First Posted: 2018-07-11
• Study Start: 2019-03-27
• Status Verified: 2019-07
• Last Update Submitted: 2019-07-21
• Last Update Posted: 2019-07-23
• Primary Completion: 2019-09
• Study Completion: 2019-10

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: UNKNOWN
• Sex: Male
• Target Recruitment: 220

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Intervention group	ScreenMen website	Participants who will be directed to the ScreenMen website

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of participants who have undergone health screening	3 months post-intervention	Participants who reported that they have not undergone health screening during the 1-month follow up will be followed up at 3-month. They will be asked whether they have undergone health screening up to this stage.; The number of participants who have undergone health screening (including those from 1-month follow up) will be divided over the total number of participants in this study to obtain the proportion and according to study arm.; Uptake at 3 month (including those reported yes in 1-month follow up) Intervention: %= n / N \*100%; Control: %= n / N \*100%

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in intention (months) to undergo health screening	3 months post-intervention	Participants who have not undergone screening will be followed up again at 3-month and asked if they have undergone health screening. If not, they will be asked when do they intend to undergo health screening. They will be asked in terms of 'in the next __ month(s)'.; Change in intention to screen will be calculated based on their immediate intention to screen after intervention; Comparison between the change in intention to screen (months) \[3-month\] for intervention arm and change in intention to screen (months) \[3-month\] for control arm will be done.; The aim of this is to evaluate the long-term effect of the intervention, whether it is sustained or diminished.
Change in knowledge on health screening	3 months post-intervention	Three months after using the ScreenMen web, participants will be followed up and asked to fill up the same health screening questionnaire. The score will be calculated by calculating the number of correctly answered questions over the total number of questions. Knowledge Score (post-intervention - immediate) = n/N; Change of knowledge score from immediate to 3 months post-intervention will be calculated as shown below: Change in Knowledge Score = Knowledge Score (3 months post-intervention) - Knowledge Score (immediately post-intervention); The Change in Knowledge Score from immediate to 1 months post-intervention will be compared between intervention and control group.; The aim of this is to evaluate the long-term effect of the intervention, whether the participants' knowledge on health screening is sustained or diminished.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Malaya; 🇲🇾 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia