A Prospective Observational Study for evaluation of prognostic value of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter (ONSD),Eyeball Transverse Diameter (ETD) and Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter/Eyeball Transverse Diameter (ONSD/ETD) ratio and it’s correlation with neurological outcome in traumatic brain injury patients admitted in ICU.

This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter (ONSD), Eyeball Transverse Diameter (ETD), and the ONSD/ETD ratio, measured using ultrasound, in predicting neurological outcomes in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients admitted to the ICU. Because ONSD varies with age, sex, and individual anatomical differences, combining ONSD with ETD to form the ONSD/ETD ratio may provide a more reliable estimate of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). The study fills a gap in existing literature by integrating these ultrasound parameters with established clinical and radiological scoring systems—GCS, ISS, Rotterdam CT Score, and GOS. A total of 100 adult TBI patients (18–65 years) admitted within 48 hours will be evaluated on Day 1 and Day 7 using ultrasound to measure ONSD, ETD, and their ratio. Neurological outcomes will be assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), with secondary analysis of ICU stay duration and mortality. Statistical analysis will include ROC curves, sensitivity, specificity, and correlation tests to determine predictive accuracy.