The Effect of Acapella and Incentive Spirometry on Blood Gases and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Heart disease has now been eclipsed by cardiovascular diseases as India's leading cause of mortality. The estimated worldwide disease burden surpasses the global average of 235 deaths per 100,000 people, with age-standardized CVD mortality rates of 272 per 100,000. The prevalence of coronary artery disease is on the rise throughout Southeast Asia, with India leading the way in recent years.

CABG is the median sternotomy is the method most frequently used to accomplish it. The process known as "grafting" involves taking a vein or internal mammary artery 3 and placing it both close to and far from the lesion.

The most vulnerable time following surgery is the early postoperative period. The reduction in lung function continues for several months following surgery.

In order to prevent or reduce complications including pneumonia, atelectasis, pulmonary insufficiency, sputum collection, and decreased gas exchange, chest physical therapy has traditionally been a basic part of postoperative care.

Patients undergoing CABG are commonly advised to perform breathing exercises, either with or without mechanical devices, in order to prevent or minimize lung deterioration. A variety of chest physiotherapy techniques are available. These include cough support, early mobilization, posture, incentive spirometry (IS), deep breathing exercises, respiratory muscles, and active cycle breathing techniques (ACBT).