Efficacy of Metformin in Achieving Glycaemia Goals as Recommended for the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes in Non Obese Women

Phase 2

Terminated

Interventions: Drug: Metformin
Drug: Rapid acting analog insulin Intermediate acting NPH Insulin

Brief Summary: Gestational diabetes (GD) is defined by a hyperglycemia discovered during pregnancy, leading to fetal and maternal complications which may be prevented by reaching very strict glycaemia targets. Prevalence depends on patient's ethnic group and is about 6 to 14%. This prevalence is increasing due to increased GD risk factors (obesity, pregnancy over 35) and also because criteria of screening have been strengthened after the results of last studies. Usual treatment is diet and in case of failure insulin therapy with multiple injections which may lead to hypoglycemia and weight gain and is very difficult to manage for patients. Some studies have shown the comparable effect of metformin and insulin in about 50% of GD obese patients. The aim of our study is to evaluate efficacy of metformin, outcomes in mother and fetus and baby of metformin. In case of metformin failure, insulin will be added in order to obtain glycaemia in desired goals.Oxidative stress will be assessed in mother blood, baby umbilical cord blood, baby umbilical cord and placenta in 90 women and the oxidative stress compared between insulin and metformin alone treated patients.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Women.

Age more than 18 and less than 40 years.
Unique spontaneous pregnancy.-BMI less than 30kg/m2 before pregnancy.
24 to 30 weeks of amenorrhea or 22 to 28 weeks of gestation.
Gestational diabetes.
Social Security affiliated subject.- Patient able to understand and signed informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
treatment by Metformin plus insulin if needed	Metformin	Metformin: from 500 mg 2 time per day to 2500 mg per day; with increment of 500 mg every 5 days until abstention of
treatment by Metformin plus insulin if needed	Rapid acting analog insulin Intermediate acting NPH Insulin	Metformin: from 500 mg 2 time per day to 2500 mg per day; with increment of 500 mg every 5 days until abstention of
treatment by insulin	Rapid acting analog insulin Intermediate acting NPH Insulin	Insulin therapy:If post meal (2 hours after meal) glycaemia is \> to 120 mg/dl introduce Insulin rapid acting analog (Humalog\, Novorapid\) before the meal concerned and according to the weight. If weight is \< 80 kg: breakfast 5U, lunch time 3U, and dinner 4U. If weight is \> 80 kg :breakast 6U, lunch time 4U, dinner 5U.If post meal glycaemia stay over 120 mg/dl but lower than130 mg/dl: do 1 U more.If post meal glycaemia stay over 140 mg/dl : do 2 UI moreIf fasting glycaemia is over 95 mg/dl : introduce NPH Insulin (Umuline NPH\, insulatard\) before sleeping : 5U if weight is \< 80 kg - 6U if weight is \> 80 kgIf fasting glycaemia stay over 95 mg/dl increase NPH Insulin for 1 U and for 2 U if fasting glycaemia is over 110 mg/dl.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Efficacy of metformin in treatment of gestational diabetes based on capillary glycaemia with an objective of less than 6 measures out of range	After diagnosis of gestational diabetes and until 3 months after delivery; screening made between 22th and 28th week of gestation

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method

Locations (5): CHU de Reims
🇫🇷
Reims, France
CHU Dijon,
🇫🇷
Dijon, France
Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar
🇫🇷
Colmar, France
Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg
🇫🇷
Strasbourg, France
Centre hospitalier de Mulhouse
🇫🇷
Mulhouse, France