To compare the effectiveness of dual task training versus task specific resistance training to improve balance and risk of fall in older population

Introduction

Background

• Ageing has been associated with declining physical and cognitive functions and an increased risk of non-communicable diseases, which can lead to challenges in public health and healthcare resources.As individuals age, they lose functional abilities due to declining health and an increased risk of non-communicable diseases. Apart from that, exposure to different lifestyle behaviours might also affect health outcomes.Most of the systematic reviews identified physiological health, physical capacities, cognitive functions, psychological and social wellbeing are most important domains associated with health.
• Dual-task training can effectively improve the gait, static and dynamic balance function of community older adults, enhance executive function, and reduce the risk of falls. The effect of dual-task training on enhancing lower-extremity muscle strength and reducing the fear of falling in older adults.
• Task specific resistance training is a powerful intervention to combat the loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, physiological vulnerability, and their debilitating consequences on physical functioning, mobility, independence, chronic disease management, psychological well-being, quality of life, and healthy life.

Procedure and Protocol

Procedure:

Each group will have equal participants in which balance and risk of fall will be assessed using berg balance scale and multidimensional efficacy scale. Participant in both the group will receive 4 weeks intervention. Each session will be 45 minutes, 3 times a week. Group 1. Dual task training

Group 2. Task specific resistance training

Protocol: Group 1: Each session will be 45 minutes, 3 times a week.There will be 4 different sets exercise in dual task training each exercise for 10 minutes with 5 minutes warm up.

| | | | | --- | --- | --- | |Programs Content Period  (Minutes) |Warm upStretching exercise   5 |Dual-task training programPlacing each foot alternately on a step and decreasing UE support while spelling words backward.  10 | Continuously walking carrying a grocery bag while 10 randomly naming numbers backward (double-digit).  10 | Stepping over obstacle (height: 15 cm, distance: 30 cm) while reciting number, days, or months backward. 10 | With four standard armchairs placed at four corners of a square, repeatedly walking to the chair directly in front, sitting, then standing up, and walking to the chair on the left while calculating simple addition or subtraction (double-digit). 10

Group 2:

Each session will be 45 minutes, 3 times a week**.**4 sets of exercise in task specific resistance training each exercise have five repetitions for three sets with 1 min rest in between each set with weighted vest. For loading of weight vest, female with 2kg and male with 5kg for training sessions.

• Sit to stand chair without arm support
• Time up and go exercise
• Heel raise
• 4-min gait speed