Hypofractionated Radiotherapy vs Single Fraction Radiosurgery for Brain Metastasis Patients on Immunotherapy (HYPOGRYPHE)
Overview
- Phase
- N/A
- Intervention
- single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS)
- Conditions
- NSCLC
- Sponsor
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences
- Enrollment
- 58
- Locations
- 105
- Primary Endpoint
- Occurrence of a Grade 2 or higher Adverse Radiation Effect (ARE)
- Status
- Active, Not Recruiting
- Last Updated
- 26 days ago
Overview
Brief Summary
This study is designed to see if we can lower the chance of side effects from radiation in patients with breast, kidney, small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer or melanoma that has spread to the brain and who are also being treated with immunotherapy, specifically immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. This study will compare the usual care treatment of single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS) given on one day versus fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (FSRS), which is a lower dose of radiation given over a few days to determine if FSRS is better or worse at reducing side effects than usual care treatment.
Detailed Description
This study is an open-label, randomized, Phase III trial designed to ascertain whether fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (FSRS) results in lower incidence of Grade 2 or higher adverse radiation effect (ARE) by 9 months compared to single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS) in patients with large brain metastases who have received or will receive immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) targeted to the PD-1/PD-L1 axis within 30 days of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Participants will be randomized 1:1 to either SSRS or FSRS, using a minimization randomization strategy considering 5 prognostic factors of interest: radiosurgery platform (gamma knife vs. LINAC), timing of immunotherapy relative to radiation (ICI within 30 days prior to Day 1 of SRS or not), surgical status (any resection cavity vs intact metastases only), predominant tumor type (Melanoma vs. all others), and prior courses of SRS for brain metastases (yes vs. no).
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •At least one intact brain metastasis or resection cavity ≥ 2 cm in diameter or ≥ 4 cc volume.
- •Patients at initial diagnosis of brain metastases and patients with known brain metastasis treated with systemic therapy alone are eligible.
- •Patients who have previously undergone SRS for brain metastases are eligible if all MRIs and DICOM-RT files from prior SRS courses are available for upload to TRIAD and there are no lesions requiring re-irradiation. Prior SRS data upload is NOT required prior to enrollment and randomization. Both SSRS and FSRS are acceptable.
- •Lesion volume will be approximated by measuring the lesion's three perpendicular diameters on contrast-enhanced, T1-weighted MRI and the product of those diameters will be divided by 2 to estimate the lesion volume (e.g., xyz/2). Alternatively, direct volumetric measurements via slice-by-slice contouring on a treatment planning software package can be used to calculate the total tumor volume.
- •Any extent of non-CNS disease is allowed. There is no requirement for non-CNS disease to be controlled prior to study entry.
- •For patients considered to be borderline or potentially eligible by size or volume criteria, sites have the option to send in DICOM films for central review screening.
- •Age ≥ 18 years at the time of enrollment.
- •Total number of brain metastases (including resection cavities) ≤ 15 on diagnostic MRI; all lesions must be amenable to SSRS and FSRS as determined by the treating radiation oncologist. Treatment must take place at a facility credentialed by the Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core (IROC) for SRS and that offers both SSRS and FSRS as treatment options.
- •Total gross tumor volume must be ≤ 30 cc. Lesion volume will be approximated by measuring each lesion's three perpendicular diameters on contrast-enhanced T1 MRI and the product of those diameters will be divided by 2 (V = xyz/2). Direct volumetric measurements by contouring all lesions on all visible slices on treatment planning software is also acceptable. If there is a cavity, only gross residual disease within or adjacent to the cavity is counted toward the 30 cc total volume.
- •Ability to tolerate MRI brain with gadolinium-based contrast.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Prior fractionated, whole, or partial brain radiation therapy. Prior fractionated SRS is acceptable.
- •Prior courses of SRS for benign tumors such as meningiomas, pituitary adenomas, schwannomas may be acceptable if the treatment is \> 2cm away from the site of a metastatic lesion that would be treated on this study. The study PI or a designated co-PI must review this type of case to confirm eligibility prior to enrollment.
- •Prior diagnosis ARE, including pseudoprogression or radiation necrosis/radionecrosis, or previously treated lesions being actively evaluated for possible ARE or local failure such as concerning imaging findings currently being tracked with short interval MRI.
- •Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis established by lumbar puncture cytology, or MRI imaging. In the absence of a clinical indication, a lumbar puncture is not required to confirm eligibility.
- •A brain metastasis that is 5 mm or less from the optic chiasm or optic nerves
- •Inability to tolerate brain MRI or receive gadolinium-based contrast
- •Planned or prior therapy with bevacizumab (or bevacizumab biosimilar) within 30 days of the planned first day of SRS as part of a systemic therapy regimen at study enrollment.
- •Serious intercurrent illness or medical condition judged by the local investigator to compromise the patient's safety, preclude safe administration of the planned protocol treatment, or would not permit the patient to be managed according to the protocol guidelines.
Arms & Interventions
SSRS = single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery
SSRS is an advanced radiation technique that delivers high dose precision radiation in a single dose to discrete intracranial lesions. SSRS has recently become a standard-of-care treatment for patients with 1-4 brain metastases and is also commonly used for patients with up to 15 metastases, due to improved neurocognitive outcomes compared to whole brain radiotherapy.
Intervention: single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS)
FSRS = fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery
FSRS is an advanced radiation technique that uses a lower dose precision radiation delivered over 3 to 5 treatments given daily or every other day to intracranial lesions.
Intervention: fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (FSRS)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Occurrence of a Grade 2 or higher Adverse Radiation Effect (ARE)
Time Frame: 9 months
To compare the proportion of participants experiencing Grade 2 or higher Adverse Radiation Effects (ARE) within 9 months following randomization to single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS) vs fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (FSRS) in patients with brain metastases ≥ 2 cm in diameter or ≥ 4cc in volume treated with concurrent immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.
Secondary Outcomes
- Compare time to local failure between SSRS and FSRS groups(9 months)
- Compare time to neurologic death between groups(9 months)
- Compare time to composite end point(9 months)
- Compare patient-reported brain tumor specific symptom burden(9 months)