Optimizing an Evidence-Based, Disseminable, Free Internet-Based Parenting Program
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 进行中（未招募）
- 入组人数
- 859
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Parenting Scale, item average of Overreactivity subscale
研究概览
简要总结
The CDC's Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Preschoolers program (EFP) is a free Internet resource with the potential to break down barriers to population-wide access to scientifically-based parenting interventions. EFP has considerable promise, but parental engagement, a major issue in the success of universal parenting interventions, remains a challenge. The objective of the proposed research is to optimize EFP by identifying engagement-focused intervention elements to add to EFP that enhance its effects on parenting skills.
详细描述
The study is a longitudinal factorial optimization trial in a community sample of 800 parents with 1.5- to 3-year-old children. There are 4 experimental factors; each corresponds to the presence vs. absence of an engagement-focused intervention element. This experiment enables the estimation of the individual and combined effects of each element. The specific aims follow.
Aim 1: Optimize the effects of EFP on parenting skills by determining which combination of the four experimental engagement-focused intervention elements results in the greatest success of EFP, as reflected in increasing parent warmth and reducing corporal punishment, overreactive and lax discipline.
Aim 2: Determine the extent to which boosted meaningful parent engagement in EFP is the mechanism driving the effects of the four engagement-focused intervention elements on parenting skills, and which aspect(s) of engagement (e.g., content consumption; behavioral skills practice) are the key mediators that translate the effects of the four engagement-focused intervention elements into improved parenting.
Aim 3: Examine parent (e.g., change readiness; race) and child characteristics (e.g., externalizing behavior; sex) to determine if the optimal intervention package differs among subgroups. Cracking the code of providing parents with an intervention that they actually use, and that improves parenting, could have far-reaching effects (e.g., improving population-level child outcomes).
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Factorial
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 99 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •18- to 36-month-old child
- •≥18-year-old parent
- •Internet access
- •willingness to commit to intervention/assessment procedures
- •proficiency in speaking and reading English
排除标准
- •child older than 36 months
- •parent younger than 18 years
- •no access to internet
- •not willing to commit to intervention/assessment procedures OR
- •not proficient with speaking and reading English
研究组 & 干预措施
Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and low engagement nudge as an additional intervention element.
干预措施: Low Engagement Nudges (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core Essentials for Parenting (EFP) intervention and all additional engagement-focused intervention elements: motivational enhancements, simplification, gamification, and low engagement nudges.
干预措施: Motivational Enhancement (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core Essentials for Parenting (EFP) intervention and all additional engagement-focused intervention elements: motivational enhancements, simplification, gamification, and low engagement nudges.
干预措施: Simplification (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core Essentials for Parenting (EFP) intervention and all additional engagement-focused intervention elements: motivational enhancements, simplification, gamification, and low engagement nudges.
干预措施: Gamification (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core Essentials for Parenting (EFP) intervention and all additional engagement-focused intervention elements: motivational enhancements, simplification, gamification, and low engagement nudges.
干预措施: Low Engagement Nudges (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core Essentials for Parenting (EFP) intervention and all additional engagement-focused intervention elements: motivational enhancements, simplification, gamification, and low engagement nudges.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Gamification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, simplification, and gamification intervention elements.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Gamification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, simplification, and gamification intervention elements.
干预措施: Motivational Enhancement (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Gamification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, simplification, and gamification intervention elements.
干预措施: Simplification (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Gamification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, simplification, and gamification intervention elements.
干预措施: Gamification (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, simplification, and low engagement nudges as intervention elements.
干预措施: Motivational Enhancement (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, simplification, and low engagement nudges as intervention elements.
干预措施: Simplification (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, simplification, and low engagement nudges as intervention elements.
干预措施: Low Engagement Nudges (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, simplification, and low engagement nudges as intervention elements.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement and simplification as intervention elements.
干预措施: Motivational Enhancement (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement and simplification as intervention elements.
干预措施: Simplification (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Simplification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement and simplification as intervention elements.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, gamification, and low engagement nudge as intervention elements.
干预措施: Motivational Enhancement (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, gamification, and low engagement nudge as intervention elements.
干预措施: Gamification (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, gamification, and low engagement nudge as intervention elements.
干预措施: Low Engagement Nudges (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement, gamification, and low engagement nudge as intervention elements.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Gamification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement and gamification as intervention elements.
干预措施: Motivational Enhancement (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Gamification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement and gamification as intervention elements.
干预措施: Gamification (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Gamification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement and gamification as intervention elements.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement and low engagement nudge as intervention elements.
干预措施: Motivational Enhancement (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement and low engagement nudge as intervention elements.
干预措施: Low Engagement Nudges (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement and low engagement nudge as intervention elements.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement as an additional intervention element.
干预措施: Motivational Enhancement (Behavioral)
Motivational Enhancements
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and motivational enhancement as an additional intervention element.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Simplification + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification, gamification, and low engagement nudge as additional intervention elements.
干预措施: Gamification (Behavioral)
Simplification + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification, gamification, and low engagement nudge as additional intervention elements.
干预措施: Simplification (Behavioral)
Simplification + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification, gamification, and low engagement nudge as additional intervention elements.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Simplification + Gamification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification and gamification as additional intervention elements.
干预措施: Simplification (Behavioral)
Simplification + Gamification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification and gamification as additional intervention elements.
干预措施: Gamification (Behavioral)
Simplification + Gamification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification and gamification as additional intervention elements.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Simplification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification and low engagement nudge as intervention elements.
干预措施: Simplification (Behavioral)
Simplification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification and low engagement nudge as intervention elements.
干预措施: Low Engagement Nudges (Behavioral)
Simplification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification and low engagement nudge as intervention elements.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Simplification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification as an additional intervention element.
干预措施: Simplification (Behavioral)
Simplification
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification as an additional intervention element.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and gamification and low engagement nudge as additional intervention elements.
干预措施: Gamification (Behavioral)
Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and gamification and low engagement nudge as additional intervention elements.
干预措施: Low Engagement Nudges (Behavioral)
Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and gamification and low engagement nudge as additional intervention elements.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Gamification
Participants will view the Core EFP and will be exposed only to gamification as an additional intervention element.
干预措施: Gamification (Behavioral)
Gamification
Participants will view the Core EFP and will be exposed only to gamification as an additional intervention element.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and low engagement nudge as an additional intervention element.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
EFP Only
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and not be exposed to any additional intervention elements.
干预措施: Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Pre-schoolers (EFP) (Behavioral)
Simplification + Gamification + Low Engagement Nudge
Participants will receive the Core EFP intervention and simplification, gamification, and low engagement nudge as additional intervention elements.
干预措施: Low Engagement Nudges (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Parenting Scale, item average of Overreactivity subscale
时间窗: 6 months
Parents' use of harsh or otherwise overreactive discipline (i.e., angry discipline) will be measured by parent completing the 10-item self-report Overreactivity subscale of the Parenting Scale.
Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale, item average of Corporal Punishment subscale
时间窗: 6 months
Corporal punishment (noninjurious physical discipline, e.g., spanking) will be measured by parent completing the 6-item self-report corporal punishment subscale of the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale
Parenting Scale, item average of Laxness subscale
时间窗: 6 months
Use of permissive or lax discipline (e.g., failure to enforce rules) will be measured by parent completing the 11-item self-report Laxness subscale of the Parenting Scale
Parent Behavior Inventory, item average of Supportive/Engaged subscale
时间窗: 6 months
Parental warmth (e.g., physical affection) will be measured by parent completing the 10-item self-report Supportive Engaged subscale of the Parent Behavior Inventory.
次要结局
未报告次要终点