Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness in the Gastrocnemius Alters Biomechanical, Viscoelastic Properties, and Trunk Endurance in the Posterior Chain Muscles
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 14
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Muscle Biomechanical Properties (Muscle Tone)
研究概览
简要总结
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn how delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in the calf muscle (gastrocnemius) affects the muscles of the posterior chain and physical performance in healthy young adults. The main questions the study aims to answer are:
Does DOMS in the calf muscle change the biomechanical properties (tone, stiffness, elasticity) of other muscles in the posterior chain?
Does DOMS lower trunk endurance, muscle strength, balance, or jump performance?
Participants will:
Take part in a gastrocnemius exercise protocol designed to safely create DOMS
Complete repeated assessments at baseline, immediately after exercise, and at 24, 48, and 72 hours
Have their muscle properties measured with a handheld device
Complete trunk endurance tests, muscle strength tests, balance tests, and a vertical jump test
Provide a blood sample to measure creatine kinase (a marker of muscle damage)
This research may help clinicians better understand how soreness in one muscle can influence the whole posterior chain and may guide safer training and recovery strategies.
详细描述
This prospective repeated-measures clinical trial includes healthy adults aged 18-25 years. DOMS will be induced using a standardized exercise protocol targeting the gastrocnemius muscle. Outcome measures will be collected at five time points: baseline, immediately after the DOMS-inducing exercise, and 24, 48, and 72 hours post-exercise.
Primary outcomes include muscle biomechanical properties such as muscle tone, stiffness, elasticity, relaxation, and creep, measured using a digital myotonometer. Trunk endurance is also assessed as a primary outcome because of the posterior chain's role in load transfer and stabilization.
Secondary outcomes include:
Muscle strength
Dynamic balance performance
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Na
- 干预模型
- Single Group
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 25 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •The study included 14 volunteers aged 18-25 with a resting heart rate between 50 and 90 beats per minute who were right-handed.
排除标准
- •Individuals who had undergone lower extremity injury or surgery in the past six months were excluded from the study. Those with chronic lower extremity pain or systemic or neurological diseases were also excluded. Participants with vision or hearing problems that could affect balance were excluded. Individuals who regularly used medication, smoked, consumed alcohol, or used other harmful substances were also excluded. Participants who regularly used caffeine or vitamin C supplements or who had an exercise habit were also excluded from the study.
研究组 & 干预措施
DOMS Induction Arm
Participants in this arm will complete a standardized exercise protocol designed to induce delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in the gastrocnemius muscle. All assessments will be performed at baseline, immediately after the DOMS protocol, and at 24, 48, and 72 hours.
干预措施: Gastrocnemius DOMS Induction Protocol (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Muscle Biomechanical Properties (Muscle Tone)
时间窗: Baseline, 24 hours post-DOMS, 48 hours post-DOMS, and 72 hours post-DOMS
Muscle tone (F) will be assessed using the MyotonPRO device. Measurements will be recorded in Hertz (Hz). Measurements will be taken three times for each muscle segment, and the average value will be calculated. Standardized anatomical landmarks were used for each muscle: Gastrocnemius: measured at the thickest part of the medial head, approximately 10 cm below the popliteal crease. The location was confirmed with a tape measure to account for individual differences. Hamstrings: measured with the participant in a prone position, at the midpoint between the ischial tuberosity and the fibular head. Gluteus maximus: measured at the thickest portion of the muscle identified by palpation while the participant was prone. Erector spinae: measured 2.5 cm lateral to the L5 spinous process in the prone position. Measurement points were marked on the skin to en
Muscle Biomechanical Properties (Muscle Stiffness)
时间窗: Baseline, 24 hours post-DOMS, 48 hours post-DOMS, and 72 hours post-DOMS
Muscle stiffness (S) will be assessed using the MyotonPRO device. Results will be reported in Newtons per meter (N/m). Measurements will be taken three times for each muscle segment, and the average value will be calculated. Standardized anatomical landmarks were used for each muscle: Gastrocnemius: measured at the thickest part of the medial head, approximately 10 cm below the popliteal crease. The location was confirmed with a tape measure to account for individual differences. Hamstrings: measured with the participant in a prone position, at the midpoint between the ischial tuberosity and the fibular head. Gluteus maximus: measured at the thickest portion of the muscle identified by palpation while the participant was prone. Erector spinae: measured 2.5 cm lateral to the L5 spinous process in the prone position. Measurement points were marked on the skin to en
Muscle Biomechanical Properties (Muscle Elasticity)
时间窗: Baseline, 24 hours post-DOMS, 48 hours post-DOMS, and 72 hours post-DOMS
Muscle elasticity will be characterized by the logarithmic decrement (D) measured using the MyotonPRO device. This is a unitless (relative) value representing the ability of the muscle to restore its shape after deformation. Measurements will be taken three times for each muscle segment, and the average value will be calculated. Standardized anatomical landmarks were used for each muscle: Gastrocnemius: measured at the thickest part of the medial head, approximately 10 cm below the popliteal crease. The location was confirmed with a tape measure to account for individual differences. Hamstrings: measured with the participant in a prone position, at the midpoint between the ischial tuberosity and the fibular head. Gluteus maximus: measured at the thickest portion of the muscle identified by palpation while the participant was prone. Erector spinae: measured 2.5 cm lateral to the L5 spinous process in the prone position. Measurement points were marked on the skin to en
Muscle Biomechanical Properties (Muscle Relaxation Time)
时间窗: Baseline, 24 hours post-DOMS, 48 hours post-DOMS, and 72 hours post-DOMS
Mechanical stress relaxation time (R) will be measured using the MyotonPRO to assess the time the muscle takes to return to rest following deformation. Results will be reported in milliseconds (ms). Measurements will be taken three times for each muscle segment, and the average value will be calculated. Standardized anatomical landmarks were used for each muscle: Gastrocnemius: measured at the thickest part of the medial head, approximately 10 cm below the popliteal crease. The location was confirmed with a tape measure to account for individual differences. Hamstrings: measured with the participant in a prone position, at the midpoint between the ischial tuberosity and the fibular head. Gluteus maximus: measured at the thickest portion of the muscle identified by palpation while the participant was prone. Erector spinae: measured 2.5 cm lateral to the L5 spinous process in the prone position. Measurement points were marked on the skin to en
Muscle Biomechanical Properties (Muscle Creep)
时间窗: Baseline, 24 hours post-DOMS, 48 hours post-DOMS, and 72 hours post-DOMS
Muscle creep will be assessed as the ratio of relaxation and deformation time (Creep (C)) using the MyotonPRO device. This parameter is a relative unit and indicates viscoelastic behavior of the muscle. Measurements will be taken three times for each muscle segment, and the average value will be calculated. Standardized anatomical landmarks were used for each muscle: Gastrocnemius: measured at the thickest part of the medial head, approximately 10 cm below the popliteal crease. The location was confirmed with a tape measure to account for individual differences. Hamstrings: measured with the participant in a prone position, at the midpoint between the ischial tuberosity and the fibular head. Gluteus maximus: measured at the thickest portion of the muscle identified by palpation while the participant was prone. Erector spinae: measured 2.5 cm lateral to the L5 spinous process in the prone position. Measurement points were marked on the skin to en
Trunk Endurance Assessment (Sorenson Test)
时间窗: Baseline, 24 hours post-DOMS, 48 hours post-DOMS, and 72 hours post-DOMS
Sorenson Test: Participants lay prone with their pelvis at the table edge and ankles secured. They held their upper body in a horizontal position, and the time they could maintain the position was recorded. The test ended when the participant could no longer keep the trunk horizontal.
Trunk Endurance Assessment (Sit-up Test)
时间窗: Baseline, 24 hours post-DOMS, 48 hours post-DOMS, and 72 hours post-DOMS
Sit-up Test: Participants sat with knees flexed at 90° and their upper body positioned at a 60° angle. Arms were crossed over the chest. Time was recorded until the participant's upper body dropped below the 60° angle.
Trunk endurance assessment (Side Bridge Test-Right and Left)
时间窗: Baseline, 24 hours post-DOMS, 48 hours post-DOMS, and 72 hours post-DOMS
Participants lay on their side and lifted their hips to form a straight line with the torso. The duration they could maintain this position was recorded. The test was performed on both sides.
次要结局
- Muscle Strength(Baseline, 24 hours post-DOMS, 48 hours post-DOMS, and 72 hours post-DOMS)
- Dynamic balance performance(Baseline, 24 hours post-DOMS, 48 hours post-DOMS, and 72 hours post-DOMS)
- Vertical jump test(Baseline, 24 hours post-DOMS, 48 hours post-DOMS, and 72 hours post-DOMS)
研究者
Ebru Aloğlu Çiftçi
PhD student
Istinye University