Comparative Evaluation Of The Titanium And Zirconia Implant Abutment On Crestal Bone Loss And Probing Depth In Posterior Region: A Split Mouth Randomized Controlled Trial

INTRODUCTION- The field of dental implants has advanced significantly, bringing innovation with increasing range of treatments and offering a durable solution for tooth loss. One such aspect is specifically related to the prosthetic abutments. The success of dental implants heavily relies on the materials used for abutments, which connect the implant to the prosthetic tooth. The abutments attach to the implant platform and serves as the connection point between the future substructure of the prosthesis and the fixture. Two commonly used materials for implant abutment are zirconia and titanium. Titanium is on a leading position as an abutment material due to the better biocompatibility and mechanical characteristics. Titanium alloys are used to create custom titanium abutments. However, the optical result may be harmed if the metallic colour of the abutment continues to shine through the mucosa, which could make the appearance of artificial gingiva. The development of the tooth-coloured ceramic and personalized implant abutment is result of consumer demand for extremely aesthetic restorations. Zirconia is superior to titanium with respect to the crestal bone loss and probing depth in patients’ oral cavity. From an aesthetic point of view, the customized zirconia abutments are advised to the patients with thin gingival biotype, but for long term clinical function, titanium abutments are still considered better than zirconia. OBJECTIVES-To evaluate the effect of titanium implant abutments on crestal bone loss and probing depth in posterior region over 1 year follow-up. To evaluate the effect of zirconia implant abutments on crestal bone loss and probing depth in posterior region over 1 year follow-up. To compare the effect of titanium and zirconia implant abutments on crestal bone loss and probing depth in posterior region over 1 year follow-up. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT- 21 patients will be chosen for delayed loading dental implants in whom one side will be loaded with titanium abutment, while other side will be loaded with zirconia abutment. After second stage surgery, healing abutment will be attached to the implant. Scanned bodies will be attached at the implant site and an intraoral scan will be performed. After scanning, a model will be obtained from 3D imaging. On the obtained model the implant abutments will be made. The patient will be recalled and the abutments will be attached to implant with screw intraorally. After the attachment of abutments, abutment level impression will be taken with polyvinyl siloxane impression material and the impression will be poured with die stone. The cast will be retrieved and layered zirconia crown will be fabricated according to the abutment. The patient will be recalled and the crown will be cemented over the abutment. The baseline data of crestal bone loss and probing depth will be noted. The data for crestal bone loss will be obtained from Gallilio cone beam computed tomography software and the data for probing depth will be obtained by William’s probe. The patient will be recalled after one year and the data of crestal bone loss and probing depth will be obtained again. By comparing the obtained values of baseline and one year follow-up, the results will be obtained.