A Pilot Study Comparing the Use of Low-target Versus Conventional Target Advagraf

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Acute Graft Rejection; Diabetes
• Interventions: Drug: Tacrolimus

• Registration Number: NCT01265537
• Lead Sponsor: University of British Columbia

Brief Summary

While the incidence of acute rejection and early graft loss have improved dramatically with the advent of newer immunosuppressant medications, improvements in long-term patient and allograft survival after kidney transplantation have not been achieved. The specific drug combination that provides the best outcomes with the least amount of side effects is not known. Each kidney transplant center uses the combination of drugs that they believe is optimal. This study is about identifying whether drugs that are currently approved for use in kidney transplantation can be used in a new combination safely and with potentially fewer side effects than the drug combinations that are currently used at St. Paul's Hospital and other transplant centres.

Detailed Description

Purpose This study has been designed to test whether using Thymoglobulin with low dose tacrolimus and early steroid withdrawal will minimize both kidney rejection and the development of new onset diabetes after transplant (NODAT).

Justification Experimental treatment is low target tacrolimus with thymoglobulin. Standard treatment is a standard target (higher dose) tacrolimus and basiliximab, instead of thymoglobulin.

The investigators hypothesize, that a combined approach of early steroid withdrawal and low dose tacrolimus in low immunologic risk transplant recipients will be effective in reducing the incidence of new onset diabetes mellitus, while maintaining a low risk of acute rejection.

Objective

The objective of this study is to compare early post-transplant outcomes with the use of low target versus standard target Advagraf in de novo kidney allograft recipients of low immunologic risk undergoing early corticosteroid withdrawal.

Research Method

This is a pilot study. Primary and secondary outcomes are as follows:

Primary Outcome Composite endpoint of biopsy proven acute rejection and NODAT at 6 months post transplantation.

Secondary Outcomes

* Patient survival

* Graft survival

* Frequency, severity, and treatment of hypertension

* Frequency, severity, and treatment of hyperlipidemia (serum total cholesterol, (high density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides)

* Weight gain

* Infections (cytomegalovirus (CMV), opportunistic infections including urinary tract infections requiring treatment, pneumonia)

* Malignancy, including post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD)

* Leukopenia

* Renal function as measured by serum creatinine and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)

The primary endpoint will be evaluated by time-to-event Kaplan Meier analysis and by Chi-squared analysis of final 6 month data.

Statistical Analysis

Sample size and power:

In the setting of early steroid withdrawal, Woodle et al. reported an acute rejection rate of 14% with rATG and 24% with an interleukin-2 receptor antibody induction(10). The incidence of NODAT was reported at 21% by Woodle, et al., and was reported 10% in the low dose tacrolimus arm of the ELITE-Symphony trial. The investigators, therefore expect a combined event rate of 24% in Group A and 45% in group B. With a power of 0.80 and alpha error of 0.05, the investigators determined that the investigators need 72 subjects in each arm to demonstrate a 20% difference in our composite primary outcome. For this initial pilot study, the investigators aim to recruit a total of 30 subjects After receiving informed consent, subjects will be randomized on a 1:1 basis to one of the two treatment groups. Subjects who discontinue the study prematurely will not be replaced.

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2010-12-21
• Study First Submitted QC: 2010-12-22
• Study First Posted: 2010-12-23
• Study Start: 2011-06-24
• Primary Completion: 2019-02-21
• Study Completion: 2019-10-11
• Results First Submitted: 2019-11-27
• Results First Submitted QC: 2020-02-04
• Results First Posted: 2020-02-11
• Status Verified: 2022-11
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-11-04
• Last Update Posted: 2022-11-08

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 30

Inclusion Criteria

1. Male or female patients over 18 years of age who receive a deceased, living unrelated or living related donor renal transplant
2. No history of pre-existing diabetes mellitus
3. Not using diabetic medications (insulin, hypoglycemic agents) at the time of transplantation
4. Random plasma glucose level <11.1 at the time of transplantation
5. Peak PRA (panel reactive antibody) <30%
6. Females capable of becoming pregnant must have a negative pregnancy test at baseline and are required to practice an approved method of birth control for the duration of the study and for a period of three months following discontinuation of study medication
7. The patient has given written informed consent to participate in the study

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Exclusion Criteria

1. Patients with primary non-function
2. Peak PRA>=30%
3. Multiple organ transplants
4. HLA (human leukocyte antigen) identical living donor transplant recipients
5. Cold ischemia time over 36 hours
6. Nonheart beating donor kidney recipients
7. Pediatric donor kidney recipients
8. Donor age>=65 years
9. Patients who are known to have a positive hepatitis C serology, who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or Hepatitis B surface antigen positive. Laboratory results obtained within 6 months prior to study entry are acceptable. Recipients of organs from donors who test positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen or Hepatitis C will be excluded.
10. Patients who are Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) negative and are receiving a transplant from an EBV-positive donor (mismatch).
11. Presence of any severe allergy requiring acute (within 4 weeks of baseline) or chronic treatment, or hypersensitivity to drugs similar to those used in the study
12. Patients with systemic infections
13. Existence of any surgical or medical condition, other than the current transplant, which in the opinion of the investigator, preclude enrollment in this trial
14. Inability to cooperate or communicate with the investigator

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Standard target tacrolimus (Advagraf)	Tacrolimus	This group will receive basiliximab induction (40 mg total) with IV solumedrol, MPA (Mycophenolate Mofetil or Mycophenolate Sodium), and "standard target" Advagraf.
Low target tacrolimus (Advagraf)	Tacrolimus	This group will receive rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (rATG) induction (3 -4 doses of 1.5 mg/kg during the first post transplant week) with IV solumedrol, MPA (Mycophenolate Mofetil or Mycophenolate Sodium), and "low-target" Advagraf.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Participants With New Onset Diabetes After Transplant (NODAT) or Acute Rejection	6 months post transplant	Composite endpoint of biopsy proven acute rejection and NODAT at 6 months post transplantation. NODAT will be defined as either FPG \>7.0mmol/L OR symptoms of hyperglycemia and a random plasma glucose of \>11.1 OR 2-h plasma glucose \>11.1 during an oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Participant Deaths	6 months post transplant	Death of any participant by end of study.
Number of Participants With Graft Failure	6 months post transplant	Any graft failure by the end of the study.
Number of Participants With Dialysis Events	6 months post transplant	Any dialysis required by end of study.
Number of Participants With Infection Events	6 months post transplant	Any infection (CMV, opportunistic infections including urinary tract infections requiring treatment, pneumonia) by end of study.
Number of Participants With Hospitalization Events	6 months post transplant	Any hospitalization by end of study.
Number of Participants With Malignancy Events	6 months post transplant	Any malignancy (including post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease) by end of study.
Number of Participants With Cardiovascular Event	6 months post transplant	Any cardiovascular events by end of study.
Number of Any Leukopenia Events	6 months post transplant	Any leukopenia by end of study.
Number of Leukopenia Events on ≥2 Occasions	6 months post transplant	Any leukopenia on ≥2 occasions by end of study.
Change From Baseline in Weight	baseline to 6 months post transplant	Any changes in weight by end of study.
eGFR at 6 Months	6 months post transplant	Participant eGFR value by end of study.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

St. Paul's Hospital; 🇨🇦 Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada