Physical Activity Stress and Sleep in Adolescents
- Conditions
- Adolescent Problem Behavior
- Registration Number
- NCT04187885
- Lead Sponsor
- Association Tunisienne d'Etude & de Recherche sur l'Athérosclérose
- Brief Summary
Adolescence is characterized by major transitions in sleep and circadian rhythm. This rapid pivotal period increases the risks of sleep debt and poor sleep quality, leading to pronounced diurnal fatigue and drowsiness. On the other hand, academic stress has been also associated with increased sleep disturbances.
Both academic stress and poor sleep in adolescents has been linked to increased sleepiness rate, reduced alertness, lower academic performances and the impairment of the control of energy balance through hyperphagia.
Despite the importance of sleep in holistic development, physical (i.e. recovery, metabolism, muscle growth, weight control), cognitive (i.e. learning, memory, decision-making, Vigilance). Few studies have been designed to improve this behavior among college adolescents, especially in times of academic stress.
Physical activity has been suggested as a non-pharmacological alternative treatment for sleep disorders . Generally, it is well established that the duration and quality of sleep were improved by regular physical activity among adolescents and far better, it was suggested that the exercise-mediated effect on sleep could be even observed in the short term. Moreover, it was suggested that aerobic exercise has positive effects on psychological stress and well-being of adolescents .
Therefore, APADOSLEEP trial, was designed to examine the effect of physical activity program on sleep during and outside periods of academic stress.
- Detailed Description
Counterbalanced, cross-over, pre-post trial where each subject acts as his own control.
Four sessions will be performed for each adolescent. Each session will be conducted over 5 days (from Monday to Friday):
Adolescents will take part randomly in four sessions. Physical activity program will be identical between sessions and groups. 60 minn of moderate to vigorous leisure activities and exercises will be proposed each day. Heart rate monitor will be used to control intensity of exercise during the physical activity program.
* Control session (CTL) outside academic stress period (represented by exams) and without the physical activity program.
* A session outside academic stress period, with the physical activity program (PAP).
* A session during an academic stress period without the physical activity program (AS).
* A session during an academic stress period with the physical activity program (ASPAP).
At each session:
* Continuous sleep assessments (duration and quality) by accelerometry
* Continuous physical activity and sedentary behaviour assessments by accelerometry
* one evaluation of melatonin peak from salivary specimens
* one evaluation of cortisol peak from salivary specimens
* An evaluation of the ad libitum food intake of the 5th day will be carried out by the weighing method.
* one assessment of cognitive performance
* An evaluation of subjective appetite sensations (hunger, fullness, desire to eat) of the 5th day
* An evaluation of subjective diurnal sleepiness (Karolinska) of the 5th day
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- UNKNOWN
- Sex
- Male
- Target Recruitment
- 56
- college adolescent Tanner stages 3-5
- Disorders and / or pathology of sleep
- Medical or surgical history not compatible with the study, any other chronic illness or injury that may interfere with the subject's abilities
- Take medication that may interfere with the results of the study (corticosteroids ...) or sleeping pills
- Surgical intervention in the previous 3 months
- Regular consumption of tobacco, cannabis or alcohol
- Special diet
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- CROSSOVER
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method sleep Efficiency (%) change from baseline at 4th night the percentage of time spent asleep while in bed
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method bedtime change from baseline at 4th night the time when the subjet goes to bed
sleep onset latency (minutes) change from baseline at 4th night actual time it takes to transition from wake to sleep in minutes
wake after sleep onset change from baseline at 4th night awke after sleep has been initiated and before final awake
total time in bed (minutes) change from baseline at 4th night total time spent in bed
nubmer of awake >3 minutes change from baseline at 4th night awkenings \>3 minutes after sleep has been initiated and before final awake
moderate to vigorous activities pre and post intervention : day1 and day 4 time spent on moderate to vigorous activities \[3 - 9 Metabolic equivalent of task\[
Energy expenditure (kilo calories) pre and post intervention : day1 and day 4 the amount of energy a person uses in the form of calories estimated by accelerometers
Sedentary activities pre and post intervention:day 1 and day 4 time spent on Sedentary activities \< 1Metabolic Equivalent of task (METs),
light activities pre and post intervention:day 1 and day 4 time spent on \[1 - 3 \] expressed in Metabolic equivalent of task (METs)
circadian phase (DLMO) night 4 evaluations of melatonin peak from salivary specimens (5 measures), time (180, 120, 60 min before bedtime, bedtime and 60 min after bedtime)
Cortisol peak day 5 evaluations of cortisol peak from salivary specimens (5 measures), (upon awakening, awakening + 30mn, awakening + 60mn, awakening + 120mn et awakening + 180mn)
Stroop test day 5 selective attention and reading ability
Trail marking test day 5 this test estimate visual attention and motor speed
Barrage test day 5 this task evaluates visual- spatial ability and recognition
California verbal learning test. day 5 this test evaluates primary and secondary memory
Energy intake day 5 Energy intake and proportion of the energy derived from each class of macronutrients (carbohydrate, fat, and protein) measured on meals offered "ad-libitum"
Subjective appetite sensations day 5 hunger, fullness, desire to eat and prospective food consumption : upon awakening, before and right after the breakfast, lunch, snack and dinner as well as bed time.
Appetite sensations will be collected throughout the day using visual analogue scales (150 mm scales). Adolescents will report their hunger, fullness, desire to eat and prospective food consumption at thirteen regulated times: upon awakening, before and right after the breakfast, lunch, snack and dinner as well as bed time. The questions were i) "How hungry do you feel?", ii) "How full do you feel?", iii) "Would you like to eat something?", iv) "How much do you think you can eat?" (adolescents were asked to respond on a scale from "not at all" to "a lot"). This method has been previously validatedSubjective sleepiness (Karolinska scale) day 5 this scale mesures the subjective level os sleepness at particular times during the day. this is a nine point scale (1= extreemly alert, 3= alert, 5= neither nor sleepy, 7 = sleepy but no difficulty for main awake, 9= extreemly sleepy/ fighting sleep).