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The Prevalence, Risk Factors and Optimal Biopsy Protocol of BE

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Barrett's Esophagus
Intestinal Metaplasia
Interventions
Procedure: Seattle protocol
Procedure: One biopsy
Procedure: Three biopsy
Device: Endoscopy
Registration Number
NCT05818072
Lead Sponsor
E-DA Hospital
Brief Summary

Detections of goblet cells and dysplasia are crucial for diagnosis and determining the surveillance program of Barrett's esophagus (BE). However, the optimal biopsy numbers and their yield rates of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and dysplasia are still uncertain, especially in Asia. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal biopsy protocol of BE.

Detailed Description

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is premalignant lesion for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and defined as the distal esophageal squamous epithelium replaced by columnar epithelium with histologic confirmation of intestinal metaplasia (IM). The accurate prevalence of BE is difficult to assess because part of people with BE are asymptomatic. However, the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) which is the main factor associated with BE has increased almost 50% during the last 20 years. Meanwhile, the general population prevalence of BE is estimated to increase to 3-10% in Western countries. The systematic review and meta-analysis also reported an upward trend in prevalence of BE in Asian countries. BE is an important heathy issue to investigate in either Western or Asian countries.

The annual rate of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma is around 0.2% to 0.5% in patients with BE. However, the annual adenocarcinoma progression risk is different between the non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus (NDBE), BE with low-grade dysplasia (LGD) and high-grade dysplasia (HGD). The annual incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is 0.33%, 0.54% and 6.58% in patients with NDBE, BE with LGD and HGD, respectively. Among patients with NDBE, patients with short segment BE (SSBE) have the lower rate of progression to EAC than those who with long segment BE (LSBE) (0.07% vs 0.25%). Therefore, endoscopic surveillance of patients with BE is recommended by clinical practice guideline.

Detections of goblet cells and dysplasia are crucial for diagnosis and determining the surveillance program of BE. According to the Seattle protocol which has been widely recommended by clinical practice guidelines, biopsy specimens should be obtained every one cm to two cm interval across the four quadrants of the columnar epithelium of esophagus. Fewer endoscopists adhered to this protocol in clinical practice because of its laboriousness and time consumption. Most of patients with BE were categorized as SSBE and SSBE seems to be more prevalent in Asian populations. As the report of previous study which reviewed the general prevalence of BE in Western and Asian general populations, the ratio of SSBE to LSBE was ranging from 1.8 to 17.4 in the Western countries and 1.7 to 103 in the Asian countries. It's more difficult to adhere to the protocol in patients with SSBE.

However, the optimal biopsy numbers and their yield rates of IM and dysplasia are still uncertain, especially in Asia. The investigators aimed to assess the biopsy numbers and yield rates of IM and dysplasia in patients with columnar-lined esophagus (CLE) to determine the optimal biopsy protocol.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
165
Inclusion Criteria
  • Adults with columnar-lined esophagus
Exclusion Criteria
  • A prior history of endoscopic treatment for Barrett's Esophagus
  • A prior history of upper gastrointestinal malignancy
  • A prior history of total or subtotal gastrectomy
  • Esophageal varices noted during the procedure
  • Uncontrolled coagulopathy
  • Taking antiplatelet drug or anticoagulant

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Seattle protocolSeattle protocolObtain 4-quadrant biopsy specimens at intervals of every 1 to 2 cm throughout the the columnar-lined esophagus for patients with suspected Barrett's Esophagus
Seattle protocolEndoscopyObtain 4-quadrant biopsy specimens at intervals of every 1 to 2 cm throughout the the columnar-lined esophagus for patients with suspected Barrett's Esophagus
One biopsyOne biopsyObtain one biopsy specimen at the proximal part of the the longest columnar-lined esophagus for patients with suspected Barrett's Esophagus
Three biopsyThree biopsyObtain three biopsy specimens at the proximal, middle and distal part of the longest columnar-lined esophagus for patients with suspected Barrett's Esophagus
Three biopsyEndoscopyObtain three biopsy specimens at the proximal, middle and distal part of the longest columnar-lined esophagus for patients with suspected Barrett's Esophagus
One biopsyEndoscopyObtain one biopsy specimen at the proximal part of the the longest columnar-lined esophagus for patients with suspected Barrett's Esophagus
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
The yield rate of intestinal metaplasiaUp to 7 days histologic confirmation

Defined as the proportion of histologic confirmation of goblet cells

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
The yield rate of dysplasiaUp to 7 days histologic confirmation

Defined as the proportion of histologic confirmation of columnar-lined epithelium with dysplasia

Procedure timeFrom forcep insertion to biopsy complete, assessed up to 1 minutes

Defined as from forcep insertion to biopsy complete

Adverse eventsFrom the date of procedure until any events, assessed up to 2 weeks

Including bleeding and perforation

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

E-DA Hospital

🇨🇳

Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

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