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Biological Aging, Medication, Malnutrition and Inflammation Among Acutely Ill and Healthy Elderly.

Conditions
Malnutrition
Aging
Polypharmacy
Inflammation
Emergency Service, Hospital
Registration Number
NCT03052192
Lead Sponsor
Hvidovre University Hospital
Brief Summary

In this study, the investigators will investigate and characterize acute medical patients in order to optimize patient courses in the acute care departments, especially with regard to polypharmacy and undernourishment. In addition, the investigators will investigate underlying immunological mechanisms of chronic inflammation and biological aging in this population to improve the current knowledge and possibilities for preventing chronic diseases and acute hospitalization.

Detailed Description

Malnutrition:

Malnutrition among elderly is associated with frailty, including loss of weight, muscle mass, function and quality of life and also with an increased number of hospital admissions. In this study, the investigators aim to describe the development of and the risk factors for malnutrition from admission to 4 weeks after discharge, in addition the investigators wish to characterize the inflammatory state of the malnourished patients.

Inappropriate polypharmacy:

The broad variation among elderly in health, number of chronic diseases, organ function, biological age and function makes the prescription of drugs to this population a very complex task with a high risk of inappropriate medication. 5-30% of all non-elective admissions are caused by inappropriate medications, and many of these are preventable. Therefore, the investigators aim to investigate the feasibility of a pharmacist-geriatrician medication review in the acute care department and the effect on the Medication Appropriateness Index score (MAI-score) .

Chronic inflammation and biological aging:

Chronic inflammation and biological aging promote the development of age-related chronic diseases. There is a large variation in the rate of aging between individuals, in particular among the elderly. This means that the chronological age of a person often does not reflect its true state of aging, the biological age. This challenges the ability to provide appropriate care and to predict responses to treatment and interventions in elderly patients. The underlying causes and mechanisms of biological aging and chronic inflammation are not well understood. There are currently no validated methods for measuring biological age and no measures of chronic inflammation which can be used in an acute setting. Here, the investigators aim to test a novel model for chronic inflammation and investigate the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome, NFkB (nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells) and miRNAs in biological aging and chronic inflammation.

The study is prospective with 3 groups of study participants: one group is included in the Acute Medical Department and two healthy control groups (one young and one older). The follow-up comprises two predefined examinations and any readmissions at our hospital. Furthermore, participants are followed in the national registries.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
212
Inclusion Criteria
  • ≥65 years
  • Acute medical patient
  • Understands and speaks Danish
Exclusion Criteria
  • Unable to cooperate cognitively
  • Terminal patients
  • Patients in isolation

Control group 1:

Inclusion Criteria:

  • ≥65 years
  • No hospital admissions within the past 2 years

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Acute admissions within the past 2 years
  • Auto-immune diseases
  • Treatment with immunosuppressive or biological therapies

Control group 2:

Inclusion Criteria:

  • 20-35 years
  • Caucasian
  • No admissions due to chronic or critical illness within the past 5 years (except admissions related to child birth, abortion, appendicitis, poisoning, traumas, concussion etc.)

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Auto-immune or chronic diseases

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Eating validation scheme scoreFrom inclusion to 4 weeks after discharge

Development in nutritional status and risk factors of malnutrition within the FAM group.

MAI score (Medication Appropriateness Index)From inclusion to 4 weeks after discharge

Difference in summed MAI-score per patient. MAI score between inclusion and first follow-up visit (FAM group)

NF-kB (Nuclear Factor Kappa light chain enhancer og activated B cells) activityFrom inclusion to 56 weeks after discharge

The development in NF-kB activity between the groups will be investigated. The association of NF-kB activity with biological ageing-measured by chronic inflammation, and loss of function and cognition-will also be investigated.

NLRP3 activityFrom inclusion to 56 weeks after discharge

Difference in NLRP3 inflammasome activity between groups.

Chronic inflammationFrom inclusion to 4 weeks after inclusion

Stability and discriminative ability of new model for chronic inflammation (Control group 2)

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Cystatin CFrom inclusion to 56 weeks after discharge
Quality of lifeFrom inclusion to 56 weeks after discharge

EQ-5D-5L(EuroQol-5Dimentions-5Llevels), mini geriatric depression score

C-reactive protein (inflammation)From inclusion to 56 weeks after discharge

Difference in inflammation between groups

Cytokine concentrationsFrom inclusion to 56 weeks after discharge

The concentration of cytokines at baseline and in response to stimulation will be measured

CytometryFrom inclusion to 56 weeks after discharge

Characterization of immune cell subsets

NF-kB activationFrom inclusion to 56 weeks after discharge

The activation of NF-kB in response to stimulation.

Functional recovery scoreFrom inclusion to 56 weeks after discharge

Assessing activities of daily living to characterize development in physical performance

Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) (ng/ml)From inclusion to 56 weeks after discharge

The plasma level of suPAR is a measure of inflammation and can be used to assess the difference in inflammation between groups

Bodyweight (kg)From inclusion to 4 and 56 weeks after discharge

Development in bodyweight

Medication under-prescribingFrom inclusion to 4 weeks after discharge

Assessment of underutilization Index (AOU)

Inflammation in malnourished patients4 weeks after discharge

Characterize the level of inflammation in malnourished patients

miRNAFrom inclusion to 56 weeks after discharge

Levels of miRNA will be measured, and their association with NF-kB activity and biological ageing will be investigated.

Frequency of physicians' acceptance of suggested changes in medicationsAt inclusion and at 4 weeks after discharge in the FAM group

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Amager & Hvidovre Hospital

🇩🇰

Hvidovre, Region Hovedstaden, Denmark

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