A Prospective, Randomized TrialComparing Oral N-Acetylcysteine and Intravenous Sodium Bicarbonate

Not Applicable

Terminated

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of oral N-acetylcysteine and intravenous sodium bicarbonate for the prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN) after cardiac catheterization.

Detailed Description: It is thought that N-acetylcysteine may reduce the ability of generated oxygen free radicals to damage cells by scavenging them. N-acetylcysteine may also increase the biologic effects of nitric oxide by combining with nitric oxide to form S-nitrosothiol, a more stable form and potent vasodilator. It also increases the expression of nitric oxide synthesis and may improve blood flow. Oxidants activate a signal-transduction cascade and molecular response that may initiate the cell-death pathway. These pathways seem to be sensitive to the redox state of the cell and are inhibited by N-acetylcysteine, which promotes pathways that lead to repair and survival whenever cells are under oxidant stress.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

19 years of age

Baseline serum creatinine or
Calculated creatinine
Stable Renal Function
Left Ventricular ejection fraction
Non-pregnant, non-lactating females (all women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test. No contraception will be required
Able to sign informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

Acute renal failure
History of Kidney transplant
Currently receiving N-acetylcysteine

_ Contraindication of hypersensitivity to N-acetylcysteine or sodium bicarbonate
Left ventricular ejection fraction
Pregnant, lactating females
Allergy to contrast dye

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
N-Acetylcysteine	Oral N-Acetylcysteine	Oral N-Acetylcysteine 600 mg
Sodium Bicarbonate	Sodium Bicarbonate	Sodium bicarbonate 3 milliliter per kilogram per hour (3 mL/kg/hr) infused at 1 mL/kg/hr for 6 hours post-procedure

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Compare the Effectiveness of Two Medications for Prevention of Contrast-induced Nephropathy	2 years	Compare oral N-Acetylcysteine and intravenous sodium bicarbonate for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in high-risk patients undergoing cardiac catheterization.

Secondary Outcome Measures