Primary or Recurrent Clostridioides Difficile Infection Treatment With Capsules of Lyophilised Faecal Microbiota vs Fidaxomicin
- Conditions
- Recurrent Clostridium Difficile InfectionPrimary Clostridium Difficile Infection
- Interventions
- Registration Number
- NCT05201079
- Lead Sponsor
- Mikrobiomik Healthcare Company S.L.
- Brief Summary
Patients with microbiota alterations developed after being exposed to antibiotics are especially susceptible to Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI). The incidence and severity of CDI has increased in recent years and CDI recurrences (r-CDI) due to the appearance of new episodes in patients with a previous cured CDI, represent a serious and complex clinical issue. Although antibiotics are the recommended therapy for the first episode of CDI, treatment with oral vancomycin and/or metronidazole often results in significant treatment failure. In addition, the treatment of r-CDI is not adequately standardized, and although the most widely used treatment is the administration of fidaxomicin and bezlotoxumab, its efficacy in patients who already have r-CDI is not proven. In the late years, Fecal Microbiota Transfer (FMT) has emerged as the preferred non-pharmacological treatment to manage CDI with multiple recurrences and recent clinical trials have evaluated its potential efficacy and safety in the treatment of patients with primary CD infection.
The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of the MBK-01 medication, consisting of heterologous lyophilized fecal microbiota capsules coming from healthy donors in comparison to the treatment with fidaxomicin, in 92 patients with primary or r-CDI.
- Detailed Description
This is a Phase III, multicenter, controlled and open label clinical trial in which patients who suffered an episode of Clostridioides difficile infection (either the first episode or subsequent recurrences) will be randomly assigned (1:1) to one of the following arms:
* Fidaxomicin
* MBK-01 (heterologous lyophilized fecal microbiota)
Objective: To assess the efficacy of FMT with capsules of lyophilized fecal microbiota (MBK-01), compared to the control (fidaxomicin) at 8 weeks after the start of the treatment. Also, assess the safety of MBK-01 and the quality of life of patients participating in the study.
Follow up: participants will return for clinic visits at 72 hours, week 3 and week 8 after the start of the treatment, and will receive follow-up phone calls at month 3 and month 6 after the start of the treatment. Stool samples will be collected from participants for further studies at time 0 and week 8 after the start of the treatment. Study Outcomes are detailed in the specific section of this website.
Rationale: The transferred microbiota restores the recipient's intestinal microbiota by reintroducing bacterial taxa that were absent or in low proportion in the recipient before the FMT. This supports the expansion of the recipient's own commensal microbiota and re-establishing a microbiota community with a high biodiversity.
Donors: All donors are screened to ensure they meet the strict requirements necessary to maintain the safety of the MBK-01.
Justification: The treatment of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) with antibiotics is usually effective for acute symptoms, but after the initial treatment, the probability of recurrence at 8 weeks ranges from 10-20 % of cases, and once a patient has a recurrence, the probability of further recurrences increases up to 40-65 %. In recent years, Fecal Microbiota Transfer (FMT) has emerged as the preferred non-pharmacological treatment to manage CDI with multiple recurrences and recent clinical trials have evaluated its potential efficacy and safety in the treatment of patients with primary CD infection. Although antibiotics are the recommended therapy for the first episode of CDI, treatment with oral vancomycin and/or metronidazole often results in significant treatment failure, with recurrences occurring in up to 30-40% of patients. Furthermore, antibiotic treatment does not correct deficiencies in the intestinal microbiota that facilitate CD infection and is associated with the risk of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Moreover, the treatment of recurrences is not adequately standardized. In recent years, although the most widely used alternatives have been fidaxomicin and bezlotoxumab, their efficacy in patients who already suffer from r-CDI is not proven. The administration of the FMT through oral capsules, although it is not standardized, has proven to be effective in the restoration of intestinal microbiota of patients with r-CDI. In addition, the use of lyophilized formulas facilitates the concentration of bacteria and further optimizes the donors' sample and reduces the amount of capsules that the patient has to ingest.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 93
- Patients of both genders, over 18 years.
- Patients that undergo an episode of CD infection (either the first episode or subsequent recurrences).
- Presence of an episode of diarrhea defined as ≥3 stools/24 hours, at the beginning of the episode.
- Confirmation of the presence of CD toxin A and/or B in faeces, by a direct toxin detection test or by the PCR technique for the detection of toxin/s producing genes, at the start of the episode that is going to be treated in the clinical trial (the toxin test must be positive within 7 days prior to the enrolment of the patient in the trial).
- Previous faecal microbiota transfer.
- Transplanted patients, except those with a solid organ transplant of more than 2 years, with good organ function.
- Absolute neutrophil count <500 cells /μL at the time of the enrollment in the study.
- Pregnancy, breastfeeding, or pregnancy intentions over the course of the study.
- Active treatment with bile acid sequestrants (for instance: cholestyramine).
- Positive patients for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) except those with lymphocytes T CD4 count > 200 cells/μL and viral load less than 20 copies.
- Swallowing dysfunction or no oral motor coordination.
- Patient admitted in an intensive care unit or expected to be admitted in an intensive care unit due to serious illness.
- History of significant medical conditions that, in the opinion of the investigator, would not allow an adequate evaluation or follow-up of the patient.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description MBK-01 MBK-01 Participants will receive MBK-01 capsules of fecal microbiota coming from healthy donors (45 patients). Fidaxomicin Fidaxomicin Participants will receive Fidaxomicin (47 patients).
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Global Absence of Diarrhea Due to Clostridiodes Difficile 8 Weeks After the Start of the Treatment 8 weeks after the start of the treatment Number of patients who showed recurrence of at least one Episode of Diarrhea (3 or More Stools/24 Hours) 8 Weeks After the Start of the Treatment. Recurrence is understood as the reappearance of clinical manifestations of a new episode of CDI that re-occurs within 8 weeks after the onset of symptoms of a previous episode that was resolved.
Absence of Diarrhea: Number of Episodes of Diarrhea (3 or More Stools/24 Hours) 72 Hours After the Start of the Treatment 72 hours after the start of the treatment Diarrhea resolution: \<3 stools/24 hours for at least 2 consecutive days after the end of the treatment.
Absence of Diarrhea: Number of Episodes of Diarrhea (3 or More Stools/24 Hours) 3 Weeks After the Start of the Treatment 3 weeks after the start of the treatment Diarrhea resolution: \<3 stools/24 hours for at least 2 consecutive days after the end of the treatment.
Absence of Diarrhea: Number of Episodes of Diarrhea (3 or More Stools/24 Hours) 3 Months After the Start of the Treatment 3 months after the start of the treatment Diarrhea resolution: \<3 stools/24 hours for at least 2 consecutive days after the end of the treatment.
Absence of Diarrhea: Number of Episodes of Diarrhea (3 or More Stools/24 Hours) 6 Months After the Start of the Treatment 6 months after the start of the treatment Diarrhea resolution: \<3 stools/24 hours for at least 2 consecutive days after the end of the treatment.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Duration of Hospitalisation Up to 8 weeks after the start of the treatment Time, in days, that the patient remains in the hospital as a result of CDI (but not necessarily indicating a recurrence of diarrhea due to CDI).
Good/Bad Progress of the Patient Up to 72 hours after the start of the treatment A bad progress of the patient is defined as the detection 48-72 hours after the start of the treatment (MBK-01 or Fidaxomicin) of:
A worsening of the diarrhea episode (at least one stool more than at baseline, baseline being understood as the time of the start of the study treatment (fidaxomicin or MBK01)).
And, at least, one of the following factors:
* Increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) value (\> 5 % of the baseline value).
* Increase in white blood cell count (\> 5 % of the baseline value).
* Progression to sepsis: hypotension or organ failure with no other apparent cause.Time to Recurrence Depending on Randomisation Groups Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Recurrence: Reappearance of clinical manifestations of a new CDI episode in a patient with an CDI episode treated and cured in the previous 8 weeks.
Duration of Treatment Up to 10 days Duration in days of the treatment.
Overall Survival Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Percentage of patients that are still alive after a defined period of time from the beginning of the treatment.
Number of Adverse Events Per Randomisation Group Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Number of Adverse Events per randomisation group since baseline.
Type of Adverse Events Per Ramdomisation Group Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Type of Adverse Events per ramdomisation group since baseline.
Number of Serious Adverse Events Per Ramdomisation Group Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Number of Serious Adverse Events per ramdomisation group since baseline.
Type of Serious Adverse Events Per Ramdomisation Group Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Type of Serious Adverse Events per ramdomisation group since baseline.
Adverse Events Related to the Treatment Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Adverse Events related to the treatment since baseline.
Adverse Event Seriousness Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Adverse Event Seriousness since baseline.
Adverse Events Related to the CDI Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Adverse Events related to the CDI since baseline.
Mortality Associated With CDI Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Percentage of patients that die due to CDI after a defined period of time from the beginning of the treatment.
Intensive Care Unit Admissions (ICU) Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Percentage of patients admitted in the ICU after a defined period of time from the beginning of the treatment.
Adverse Events of Special Interest Up to 6 months after the start of the treatment Adverse Events of special interest since baseline.
SF36 Questionnaire (The Short Form-36 Health Survey) to Evaluate the Quality of Life Day 0, 8 weeks and 6 months after the start of the treatment For each dimension (physical functioning, role limits-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role limits-emotional, mental health), the scale ranges from 0 (the worst health status for that dimension) to 100 (the best health status).
Trial Locations
- Locations (21)
Hospital Universitario de Cruces
🇪🇸Barakaldo, Spain
Hospital Universitario de Basurto
🇪🇸Bilbao, Spain
Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía
🇪🇸Córdoba, Spain
Hospital Josep Trueta de Gerona
🇪🇸Girona, Spain
Hospital Quirónsalud Barcelona
🇪🇸Barcelona, Spain
Hospital Universitario de Donostia
🇪🇸Donostia, Spain
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón
🇪🇸Madrid, Spain
Hospital San Pedro
🇪🇸Logroño, Spain
Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
🇪🇸Barcelona, Spain
Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge
🇪🇸Barcelona, Spain
Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre
🇪🇸Madrid, Spain
Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid
🇪🇸Madrid, Spain
Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe
🇪🇸Valencia, Spain
Hospital Universitario Son Espases
🇪🇸Palma De Mallorca, Spain
Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro
🇪🇸Madrid, Spain
Hospital Universitario de Araba
🇪🇸Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla
🇪🇸Santander, Cantabria, Spain
Hospital General Universitario de Alicante
🇪🇸Alicante, Spain
Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal
🇪🇸Madrid, Spain
Hospital Universitario La Paz
🇪🇸Madrid, Spain
Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa
🇪🇸Zaragoza, Spain