The Acute Effects of a High Versus Low Dose of a Ketone Monoester Supplement on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cognition
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 20
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Resting cerebral blood flow (CBF)
研究概览
简要总结
Ketone bodies are produced by the liver during periods of food scarcity or severe carbohydrate restriction. Blood ketones are an alternative fuel source used by the brain, heart, and skeletal muscle during periods of fasting. Further, ketones bodies act as a signalling molecule that have pleiotropic effects that upregulate cellular stress-resistance pathways throughout the body.
Oral supplements containing exogenous ketones have recently become available and represent a novel tool for increasing plasma ketone bodies without the need for dietary restriction. Early evidence suggests that oral ketone supplements may enhance cerebral blood flow and improve cognition. However, the dose-dependent effects of a single ketone supplement on cerebral blood flow and cognition in young adults is currently unknown.
The purpose of this study is to characterize the effects of ingesting a high versus low dose of an oral ketone monoester on cerebral blood flow, circulating blood markers, and cognition in young adults.
As an exploratory aim, this study will investigate how oxygen uptake kinetics during submaximal exercise are impacted 2 hours after ingestion of a ketone supplement. Recent findings indicate that ketone supplementation may impair exercise performance due to the physiological stress (i.e., pH disturbances) imposed by an acute ketone dose. Delaying exercise onset by 2 hours after ingestion of a ketone supplement may enhance oxygen kinetics in a dose-dependent manner.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 35 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •- Between the ages of 18 and 35
排除标准
- •Presence of obesity (body mass index > 30 kg/m^2)
- •Presence of known cardiovascular disease
- •Presence of type 2 diabetes
- •History of cardiovascular events requiring hospitalization (i.e., heart attack)
- •History of concussion(s) with persistent symptoms
- •Currently following a ketogenic diet and/or taking ketone body supplements
研究组 & 干预措施
Placebo
Single dose of a taste-matched calorie-free placebo
干预措施: Placebo (Other)
High Dose β-OHB
Single dose of a ketone monoester ([R]-3-hydroxybutyl [R]-3-hydroxybutyrate; 0.6 g β-OHB/kg body weight)
干预措施: High Dose β-OHB (Dietary Supplement)
Low Dose β-OHB
Single dose of a ketone monoester ([R]-3-hydroxybutyl [R]-3-hydroxybutyrate; 0.3 g β-OHB/kg body weight)
干预措施: Low Dose β-OHB (Dietary Supplement)
结局指标
主要结局
Resting cerebral blood flow (CBF)
时间窗: 2-hour
Measured via duplex ultrasound of the extra-cranial arteries (internal carotid and vertebral arteries).
次要结局
- Plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate area under the curve(2-hour)
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)(2-hour, then following completion of submaximal exercise bout)
- Oxygen uptake (VO2)(2-hour, then during submaximal exercise (performed after 2-hour rest period))
- Mean arterial pressure (MAP)(2-hour)
- Cognitive Function(2-hour)
- End-tidal CO2(2-hour, then during submaximal exercise (performed after 2-hour rest period))