A Phase IIIB/IV Randomised Open-label Trial Comparing Dolutegravir With Pharmaco-enhanced Darunavir Versus Dolutegravir With Predetermined Nucleosides Versus Recommended Standard of Care ART Regimens in Patients With HIV-1 Infection Failing First Line Therapy.
试验速览
- 阶段
- 4 期
- 状态
- 进行中（未招募）
- 入组人数
- 831
- 试验地点
- 28
- 主要终点
- The proportion of participants in each arm whose plasma viral load is <50 copies/mL at 48 weeks by intention to treat.
研究概览
简要总结
D²EFT is a randomised, open-label study in HIV-1 infected patients failing first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). The study compares 2 regimens of second-line ART (dolutegravir and darunavir pharmaco-enhanced with ritonavir and dolutegravir and 2 prespecified NRTIs) with the WHO recommended regimen of 2NRTIs plus a ritonavir-boosted PI (Standard of Care (SOC)). 1,010 participants from 14 predominantly low-middle income countries will be followed for 96 weeks with the primary endpoint at week 48. The design is based on the hypothesis that one or both of the new regimens will be non-inferior to SOC in terms of virologic control while being easier to take, economically viable and affording simplification of treatment programs.
详细描述
Consenting participants will be screened and within 45 days randomly allocated to receive either dolutegravir and darunavir/ritonavir, dolutegravir and 2 prespecified NRTIs or the SOC regimen. Participants will be seen four weeks after their randomisation (week 0) visit and then at weeks 12, 24, 48 and 96. Consenting participants will have storage samples collected and cryopreserved at their week 0, 48 & 96 visits. This repository will be used in future for central baseline resistance testing, pharmacogenomic testing (separate consent required) and has inherent value for later studies of HIV pathogenesis. A 1-time PK sample will be collected at week four for future testing and any participants failing therapy at 24 weeks will have a plasma sample stored for future genotypic resistance testing.
A number of secondary outcomes will be considered in order to compare the performance of the two study treatment regimens. Secondary analyses will focus on virological, immunological, safety, antiretroviral treatment change and medication adherence. A comparison of costs and estimates of cost-effectiveness for the randomised comparison will be a critical component of this study. ART costs will be assessed across study arms. Health-care utilisation will be self-reported and then used to estimate costs. Safety data, viral loads and quality of life data will also be analysed.
The open label nature of the study allows routine care to be undertaken and the use of objective endpoints limit potential bias. The study has well defined and integrated clinical data collection and patient management systems that have been shown to be effective in a wide range of clinical settings.
The choice of NRTIs in the SoC regimen is based on clinical judgement and may be guided by resistance testing if locally available, while those used with dolutegravir are predetermined (tenofovir and lamivudine or emtricitabine). The NRTIs are not provided via the study. At the end of 96 weeks (completion of the protocol) study drug can be offered to all participants for a further 48 weeks as informed by the 48-week study results and clinical judgement. After 144 weeks study drug will no longer be available and composition of the participant's post-study regimen will be the clinician's decision.'
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •HIV-1 positive by licensed diagnostic test
- •Aged ≥16 years of age (or minimum age as determined by local regulations or as legal requirements dictate)
- •Failed first-line non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) + 2N(t)RTI combination therapy according to virological criteria, defined as at least two consecutive (≥7 days apart) pVL results >500 copies/mL after a minimum period of exposure to continuous NNRTI + 2N(t)RTI first-line therapy of 24 weeks (only the second pVL result needs to be within 45 days of randomisation)
- •For women of child-bearing potential, willingness to use appropriate contraception
- •Able to provide written informed consent
排除标准
- •The following laboratory variables:
- •absolute neutrophil count (ANC) <500 cells/µL
- •haemoglobin <7.0 g/dL
- •platelet count <50,000 cells/µL
- •AST and/or ALT ≥5xULN OR ALT ≥3xULN and bilirubin ≥1.5xULN (with >35% direct bilirubin)
- •Change in antiretroviral therapy within 12 weeks prior to randomisation
- •Prior exposure to HIV protease inhibitors and/or HIV integrase inhibitors
- •Patients with chronic viral hepatitis B infection defined by positive serum hepatitis B surface antigen
- •Unstable liver disease (as defined by the presence of ascites, encephalopathy, coagulopathy (INR >2.3), hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin <2.8g/dL), esophageal or gastric varices, or persistent jaundice), known biliary abnormalities (with the exception of Gilbert's syndrome or asymptomatic gallstones)
- •Anticipated need for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy during the study
- •Subject has creatinine clearance of <50 mL/min via CKD-EPI equation
- •Current use of rifabutin or rifampicin
- •Use of any contraindicated medications (as specified by product information sheets)
- •Intercurrent illness requiring hospitalization
- •An active opportunistic disease not under adequate control in the opinion of the investigator
- •Pregnant or nursing mothers
- •Patients with current alcohol or illicit substance use that in the opinion of the investigator might adversely affect participation in the study
- •Patients deemed unlikely by the investigator to be able to remain in follow-up for the protocol-defined period
研究组 & 干预措施
Standard of Care (SoC) arm
2 x NRTIs + darunavir/ritonavir 800mg/100mg po od
干预措施: NRTIs (Drug)
Standard of Care (SoC) arm
2 x NRTIs + darunavir/ritonavir 800mg/100mg po od
干预措施: Darunavir (Drug)
Standard of Care (SoC) arm
2 x NRTIs + darunavir/ritonavir 800mg/100mg po od
干预措施: Ritonavir (Drug)
Dolutegravir arm
Dolutegravir 50mg + darunavir/ritonavir 800mg/100mg po od
干预措施: Dolutegravir (Drug)
Dolutegravir arm
Dolutegravir 50mg + darunavir/ritonavir 800mg/100mg po od
干预措施: Darunavir (Drug)
Dolutegravir arm
Dolutegravir 50mg + darunavir/ritonavir 800mg/100mg po od
干预措施: Ritonavir (Drug)
Dolutegravir 2NRTI arm (D2N)
Dolutegravir 50mg + 2 x NRTIs (tenofovir plus emtricitabine or lamivudine)
干预措施: NRTIs (Drug)
Dolutegravir 2NRTI arm (D2N)
Dolutegravir 50mg + 2 x NRTIs (tenofovir plus emtricitabine or lamivudine)
干预措施: Dolutegravir (Drug)
结局指标
主要结局
The proportion of participants in each arm whose plasma viral load is <50 copies/mL at 48 weeks by intention to treat.
时间窗: At 48 weeks
次要结局
- Adherence assessment using participant 7-day recall self-report questionnaire(At week 4)
- Proportion with plasma viral load <200 copies/mL(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Total number of opportunistic diseases (AIDS events), deaths and serious non-AIDS defining events and the cumulative incidence of these(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Proportion who stopped randomised therapy by reason for stopping(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Health care utilisation assessed by participant questionnaire(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Total number of participants with any serious adverse events (SAEs), and the cumulative incidence of SAEs(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Adverse events associated with cessation of randomly assigned therapy(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Categorisation of neuropsychological adverse events(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Patterns of genotypic HIV resistance associated with virological failure(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Proportion with plasma viral load <50 copies/mL where those stopping randomised therapy for any reason are classified as plasma viral load >50 copies/mL(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Mean change in CD4+ cell count from baseline(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Quality of life and anxiety & depression assessed by participant questionnaire(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Cost of care assessment(At 48 and 96 weeks)
- Mean/median changes from baseline in fasted lipids (Total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, and triglycerides)(At 48 and 96 weeks)