Surgery for adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) type II:Transthoracic esophagectomy vs. transhiatal extended gastrectomy.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Recruiting

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 262

Inclusion Criteria

• Histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the GEJ type II
• Non-metastatic tumor, resectable by both transthoracic esophagectomy and transhiatal extended gastrectomy according to the local surgical investigator
• Age = 18
• ECOG Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0–2
• ASA < 4.
• Pre-treatment stage cT1-4a N0/N+, M0
• In case of stage cT4a, curative resectability must be explicitly verified by the local surgical investigator prior to randomization
• Patients with locally advanced tumors (T3-T4 or N+) who received four cycles of chemotherapy (FLOT) preoperatively
• Negative serum pregnancy test during screening period for women of child-bearing age
• Patients with a cardiac history should receive a cardiology consultation and should have a left ventricular ejection fraction > 50% (determined by echocardiography)
• Adequate respiratory function (pulmonary function tests only necessary in symptomatic patients) with FEV1>/= 1.5 l/s
• Adequate bone marrow function (white blood cells > 3x10^9 /l; hemoglobin > 9 g/dl; platelets > 100x10^9 /l), renal function (glomerular filtration rate >60 ml/min), and liver function (total bilirubin < 1.5x upper level of normal (ULN), aspartate transaminase (AST) < 2.5x ULN and alanine transaminase (ALT) < 3x ULN)
• Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

• Tumors of squamous, adenosquamous or another non-adenocarcinoma histology
• Advanced inoperable or metastatic GEJ type II adenocarcinoma
• GEJ type II adenocarcinoma staged cT4b, M+
• GEJ type II cT4a evaluated as not curatively resectable by the local surgical investigator
• Histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the GEJ type I and III
• Severe tumor stenosis preventing endoscopic tumor classification
• Tumor expanding more than 5 cm proximal of the GEJ
• Tumor resectable only by transthoracic esophagectomy or only by transhiatal extended gastrectomy, according to the local surgical investigator
• Positive lymph nodes only resectable by transthoracic esophagectomy (i.e. in the mid-upper mediastinum) or only resectable by transhiatal extended gastrectomy according to the local surgical investigator.
• Patients with locally advanced tumors (T3-T4 or N+) who did not receive chemotherapy (FLOT) preoperatively or received more or less than the allowed 4 cycles of chemotherapy
• Clinically significant (active) cardiac disease (e.g. symptomatic coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction within last 12 months)
• Clinically significant lung disease (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) < 1.5 l/s)
• Pregnant women and nursing mothers
• Persons with any kind of dependency on the principal investigator or employed by the sponsor or principal investigator
• Legally incapacitated persons
• Persons held in an institution by legal or official order

Study & Design

Study Type: interventional

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Overall survival (Follow-up up to 60 months after discharge)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Complete (R0) resection, post-operative complications according to the Dindo-Clavien classification, number and Tumor Infiltration of lymph nodes at dissection, quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30, -STO22, -OG25 after 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months), cost-effectiveness

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