Validation of ApneaLink Air Home Sleep Testing in the Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adolescent Children

Completed

Brief Summary: The feasibility and the validity of the ApneaLink Air home sleep testing (HST) device will be tested in adolescent children. The ApneaLink Air HST device is cleared for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults..

Detailed Description: Obstructive sleep apnea is highly prevalent in children affecting 2-3% of children and up to 10% of obese children. The reported prevalence is likely underestimated due to the lack of available laboratory polysomnography (PSG) testing for children. The high prevalence of OSA coupled with an increase in obesity, a major risk factor of OSA in children, has resulted in a significant strain for in laboratory PSG including children in the greater San Diego county. Currently, HST in children is restricted based on the limited availability of HST devices on children that have attained clearance by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In this study, the feasibility and the validity of the ApneaLink Air HST device will be tested in children 12 years old and over. The ApneaLink Air HST device is cleared for the diagnosis of OSA in adults and is frequently used amongst adult sleep medicine physicians. Adolescent children will be recruited whose clinically indicated in laboratory PSG will be performed at Rady Children's Hospital. Concurrent to their in-laboratory PSG, they will have their sleep assessed using the ApneaLink Air device. Ten children will repeat the ApneaLink Air HST at home following their sleep study within one week, and the remaining ten children will have their ApneaLink Air HST performed within one week prior to their in laboratory clinically indicated PSG.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Patients less than 12 years old
Patients 18 years old or older
Children with syndromes or congenital disease including Down Syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, children with craniofacial disorders, and finally children with congenital heart disease or pulmonary hypertension

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
ApneaLink Air	ApneaLink Air	Half of the participants will undergo HST no greater than one week prior to their in-laboratory PSG, while the other half will undergo HST no greater than one week following their in laboratory PSG. All participants will also undergo their HST concurrent to their in-laboratory PSG. The rational for splitting participants in these two groups is to equally distribute the effects of the first night evenly, in which the sleep architecture including reduced total rapid eye movement (REM) sleep time can vary during the first ever sleep study. As the HST will be compared to the in-lab PSG, we would like to evenly distribute this effect by having two groups of ten participants.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Accuracy of HST Compared to ALT (ApneaLink Lab Testing) and PSG (Polysomnography)	Day 1	Accuracy is measured by ODI (oxygen desaturation index) and AHI (apnea hypopnea index) The ODI is defined as the number of episodes of oxygen desaturation per hour of sleep, with oxygen desaturation defined as a decrease in blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) to lower than 3% below baseline. The ODI is presented as an index to indicate the number of oxygen dips per hour of sleep. The AHI indicates the number of apneas or hypopneas which occured during the sleep study, divided by the hours of sleep. The AHI is an Index which indicates how many events occurred each hour

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Patient Satisfaction	Day 1	Patient satisfaction with the HST and PSG procedures were determined by interview. Question read: "Do you prefer HST over PSG?"
Number of Successful HST Evaluations	Day 1	An unsuccesful HST or HST failure will be defined as: 1. Loss of the nasal flow channel, or thoracic or abdominal sensor 2. Recordings with less than 4h of artifact-free recording time 3. Less than 4h of Sp02 signal