Analysis of body fat distribution in different stages of chronic kidney disease

Participant recruitment begins with identifying eligible individuals from the department and conducting preliminary screenings based on set criteria. Baseline data, such as demographics and clinical history, will be collected, followed by anthropometric measurements using standardized equipment. Body composition analysis will be performed using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer, ensuring participants adhere to pre-assessment guidelines like fasting and abstaining from exercise or caffeine. Muscle strength will be measured using a hand dynamometer, with two trials for each hand, recording the highest value. Subcutaneous fat will be assessed with skinfold calipers, averaging three measurements at specific anatomical sites. The 4-meter walking speed test will evaluate physical function, conducted twice to record the best time. Fatigue will be assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) questionnaire, and overall quality of life will be measured using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL) questionnaire, with participants supported as needed for accuracy and completeness. Both muscle mass and strength are crucial predictors of outcomes in CKD patients, who often experience catabolic protein-energy wasting. This study seeks to determine the prevalence of reduced muscle mass and strength across different CKD stages. The observed variations in muscle mass and physical capacity may influence physical activity, fatigue, and overall quality of life, which will be assessed using validated questionnaires.