MedPath

Emergency Surgery in the Elderly: Comparison of Frailty Index and Surgical Risk Score

Completed
Conditions
Emergency
Surgery
Registration Number
NCT02825082
Lead Sponsor
University of Roma La Sapienza
Brief Summary

EMERGENCY GENERAL SURGERY IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS: EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND EVALUATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY

Detailed Description

BACKGROUND: nowadays becoming old is considered a results from the socioeconomic development and improvements in health care systems worldwide. The life expectancy of the average person doubled over the course of the last century and it is currently estimated at 85-90 years in western countries.. The number of elderly people will increase dramatically over the next few decades with population projections towards 2040 indicating a 66% increase in the age-groups 65 to 74 years. More importantly, the age groups 75 years and above are projected to increase with \>100%, which clearly will have implications for future health services. Thus, an acute medical insult may thus deprive a healthy 65- or 75-years old person from a considerable numbers of future life-years (20-30 years), either as lived in dependency. Older adults make up a large portion of surgical practice worldwide. In 2010, 37% of all inpatient operations performed in the United States were in patients 65 years and older, and this percentage will rise in the coming decades. Also, with increasing age comes an added risk of additional disease as well as the use of drugs, some of which clearly can interfere with emergency surgical conditions. Elderly patients with life-threatening abdominal disease are undergoing emergency surgery in increasing numbers and despite recent advances in surgical and anaesthetic techniques, elderly patients are at increased risk for major perioperative complications such as delirium, urinary incontinence, pressure ulcers,depression, infection, functional decline and adverse drug affects, longer hospital stays, and postoperative institutionalization. Even after controlling for co-morbid illnesses and functional impairment, age remains an independent risk factor for adverse postoperative events. Elderly who receive acute surgery often survives the initial treatment, but often suffers from severe complications due to comorbidity. If a complication occurs, it can lead to a cascade of events resulting in disability, loss of independence, diminished quality of life, high health care costs, and mortality. It is important with close post-operative follow up to avoid life threatening complicating conditions, and to involve geriatric consultants and other specialties if needed. Additional surgery and aggressive life-prolonging care, can in some cases, do more harm than good. Surgical decision making in this population is challenging because of the heterogeneity of health status in older adults and the paucity of tools for predicting operative risk. Commonly used predictors of postoperative complications have substantial limitations; most are based on a single organ system or are subjective, and none estimate a patient's physiologic reserves. therefore may need to undergo special pretreatment assessments that incorporate frailty assessments. Frailty is commonly associated with older adults and is identified by decreased reserves in multiple organ systems because of disease, lack of activity, inadequate nutrition, stress, and the physiological changes of aging. Given the inevitable rise of the aging population, it is vital that surgeons understand the concept of frailty and how it may affect surgical decisions and outcomes. Improving outcomes in emergency surgery for the geriatric population is a multifaceted task but has great clinical and health care system implications. valuation of current practice is important to improve outcomes for the future. Acting on the identified deficits and finding new areas for research is important to improve outcomes in the elderly.

AIM: to evaluate stratification of the surgical risk in patient \> 65yo underwent general emergency surgery. To evaluate specific parameters as variables for new score in the elderly patient. To underline hotspot in the managements of such patients.

STUDY DESIGN: both retrospective and prospective cohort, multicenter, observational, no profit clinical study. All the study participants will collect data on elderly patients underwent general emergency surgery during a 18 month old period, guaranteeing a whole completeness of the picked data \> 95%. This study was approved by the Health Sciences Research Ethics Board of the University of Rome La Sapienza.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
2200
Inclusion Criteria

All elderly patients submitted to emergency surgery considered as not-scheduled procedure within 7 days from admission

Exclusion Criteria

None

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
30-day mortality rate18 months
30-day morbidity rate18 months

Morbidity defined by mean of the Clavien's Classification scoring system

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Surgical mortality probability model (S-MPM)18 months

Observed to expected (O:E) mortality ratio

Calculation of Charlson Age-Comorbidity Index (CACI)18 months

Calculation and evaluation of its predictive value for morbidity and mortality

Simplified Acute Physiology Score-II (SAPS-II)18 months

Calculation and evaluation of its predictive value for mortality

Total number of subjects underwent emergency surgery18 months

Elderly to non elderly patient ratio

Colorectal-Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enumeration of Mortality and morbidity (CR-POSSUM)18 months

Observed to expected (O:E) mortality ratio

Canadian Study of Health and Ageing (CSHA) frailty score18 months

Frailty stratification in participants

Portsmouth-Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enumeration of Mortality and morbidity (P-POSSUM)18 months

Observed to expected (O:E) mortality ratio

American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) surgical risk calculator18 months

Calculation and evaluation of its predictive value for post-operative complications

Calculation of post-Operative Risk in Emergency Surgery (CORES)18 months

Calculation and evaluation of its predictive value for mortality

Frailty Fried Index18 months

Frailty stratification in participants

Geographical area inhabitants18 months

Emergency surgery in the elderly per 100.000 inhabitants

Trial Locations

Locations (43)

A.O.R.N Gaetano Rummo

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Benevento, Campania, Italy

Ospedale Infermi

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Rimini, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Ospedale San Francesco

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Nuoro, Sardegna, Italy

Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria

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Terni, Umbria, Italy

Policlinico Abano Terme

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Abano Terme, Veneto, Italy

ULSS21 Legnago (Verona_ASL2)

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Legnago, Verona, Italy

Ospedale di Macerata

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Marche, Italy

Ospedale Civile Spirito Santo

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Pescara, Abruzzo, Italy

Presidio Ospedaliero Duilio Casula

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Monserrato, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy

Ospedale Convenzionato Villa dei Fiori

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Acerra, Campania, Italy

Azienda Ospedaliera Cardarelli

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Napoli, Campania, Italy

Ospedale M. Bufalini Cesena

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Cesena, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Arcispedale S. Anna di Cona - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara

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Ferrara, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Ospedale Maggiore di Parma

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Parma, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Forlanini di Roma

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Roma, Lazio, Italy

Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII

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Bergamo, Lombardia, Italy

Ospedale del Delta

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Lagosanto, Ferrara, Italy

AAS2 Bassa Friulana Isotina - Presidio Ospedaliero di Gorizia

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Monfalcone, Gorizia, Italy

Ospedale Cristo Re

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Roma, Lazio, Italy

Policlinico Umberto I

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Roma, Lazio, Italy

Ospedale Civile di Voghera

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Voghera, Pavia, Italy

Ospedale San Jacopo di Pistoia

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Pistoia, Toscana, Italy

Ospedale di Civita Castellana

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Civita Castellana, Viterbo, Italy

Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone

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Palermo, Italy

Presidio Ospedaliero San Filippo Neri

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Rome, Lazio, Italy

Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico

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Milano, Lombardia, Italy

Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari

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Bari, Puglia, Italy

Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedale Riuniti Ancona

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Ancona, Marche, Italy

Ospedale Civile Sant'Agostino Estense

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Baggiovara, Modena, Italy

Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria città della salute e della scienza di Torino, presidio Molinette

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Torino, Piemonte, Italy

Ospedale Civile di Adria

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Adria, Rovigo, Italy

Azienda Ospedaliera G. Brotzu

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Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy

P.O. Santissima Trinità ASL8

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Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy

Ospedale Santissima Annunziata A.O.U. Sassari

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Sassari, Sardegna, Italy

Presidio Ospedaliero Centrale SS Annunziata di Taranto

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Taranto, Puglia, Italy

Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele

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Catania, Sicilia, Italy

Ospedale San Donato

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Arezzo, Toscana, Italy

Ospedale della Misericordia Grosseto

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Grosseto, Toscana, Italy

Azienda Ospedaliera Pisana Policlinico Universitario Cisanello

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Pisa, Toscana, Italy

Ospedale Santa Maria della Stella

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Orvieto, Umbria, Italy

Policlinico San Pietro

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Ponte San Pietro, Bergamo, Italy

Ospedale San Giovanni Battista

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Foligno, Umbria, Italy

Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale e di alta Specialità

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Avellino, Campania, Italy

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