Mirrored Movement Compared to Cross-education for Recovery After Hand or Wrist Injury: a Pilot Study.
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 入组人数
- 80
- 主要终点
- Trial feasibility
研究概览
简要总结
Recovery after a hand or wrist injury often includes wearing a cast, or limiting daily activities to help with healing, but this may lead to deconditioning. Previous research suggests resistance training with the healthy arm during this period could help improve recovery of the injured arm: this is called cross-education. Mirror visual feedback (e.g. watching the movement of an uninjured hand in front of a mirror hiding the injured hand to create the illusion both hands are moving) is another cross-body method which can improve recovery after stroke, and prevent or reduce pain in complex regional pain syndrome. Both of these treatments may work because they activate a specific area in the brain: using them together might strengthen the effects. However, this has never been studied after injury. The investigators are proposing a pilot study to see if it is possible and helpful to use these treatments in combination to improve recovery of grip strength and reduction of pain and disability. The investigators will use this information as a foundation to tell us how to run the best study to test these ideas in ways to be confident in the results.
详细描述
When someone has an injury to the hand or wrist, often the person's doctor and therapists will ask them to use a cast or a splint to protect the body while it heals. They also may ask the person not to do certain movements, or any activities where it is necessary to use the hand for squeezing or gripping. This is important to allow healing, but the injured arm can become weaker during this period. New research has demonstrated that performing specific forms of exercise on the uninjured side can help speed recovery on the injured side, even when the injured hand is still in a cast.
Two of these types of exercise are called cross-education and mirror visual feedback. Cross-education means doing resistance or strengthening exercises on the uninjured side while the injured side is resting. Mirror visual feedback is performing exercise or movements with the uninjured hand in front of a mirror, hiding the injured hand resting behind the mirror, so it looks like the injured hand is doing the exercises too. The investigators think both of these exercises work because they use the same part of the brain, part of our movement control network that helps us coordinate movements on both sides of the body. Perhaps they might work even better if used together.
This study will test cross-education, mirror visual feedback or cross-education combined with mirror visual feedback added to the usual therapy after a hand or wrist injury. The investigators need to be sure that this is better than usual care, so some people who participate in the study will just have the usual care, and not do any extra exercise. Because limited research has been done on these methods after injury, this will be a small study to test the best ways to run a big study that will provide solid proof about these ideas. That means the investigators will ask participants to keep track of how often they do their exercises, and to tell the study team about any problems or concerns they have when they are doing their exercises.
If it can be demonstrated that cross-exercise and/or mirror visual feedback can speed up or improve recovery after a hand or wrist injury, it might help participants get back to work and their usual activities faster and with less pain. These treatments don't cost a lot of money or need a lot of special equipment, so they could be used in many different countries. If the study can show these exercises help with hand and wrist injuries, they might also be able to be used for therapy after stroke, or with other kinds of injuries like foot and ankle fractures.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Factorial
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
Outcomes assessor blinded to group allocation
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 16 Years 至 —（Child, Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Age 16 or older
- •Acute injury to one hand or wrist requiring protection or immobilization, including fractures (managed conservatively or with surgery), tendon laceration/repairs, burns, and/or ligament injuries/repairs
- •Able to provide informed consent
排除标准
- •Unable to complete study questionnaires in English
- •Traumatic injuries to other limbs or axial skeleton (e.g. whiplash, rib fracture, concurrent lower limb injury)
- •Anticipates difficulty to return for follow-up visits (i.e. out of catchment)
研究组 & 干预措施
Cross-Education
Cross education has been defined as the unilateral training of a limb with resisted exercise for the benefit of transferring strength to the contralateral (often injured or immobilized) limb. Participants randomized to cross-education will be provided with a hand-grip strengthener, adjusted to provide resistance at 70-80% of their maximum grip strength. They will be given written, illustrated instructions for performing grip strengthening exercises for their uninjured hand in a seated position with both forearms comfortably supported; this will be demonstrated during the teaching session. The instructions will ask for the participant to complete 3 sets of 10 repetitions twice daily, with additional instructions for appropriate grading of resistance. A diary for tracking exercise completion and attendance for usual care will also be provided.
干预措施: Cross-Education (Behavioral)
Cross-Education
Cross education has been defined as the unilateral training of a limb with resisted exercise for the benefit of transferring strength to the contralateral (often injured or immobilized) limb. Participants randomized to cross-education will be provided with a hand-grip strengthener, adjusted to provide resistance at 70-80% of their maximum grip strength. They will be given written, illustrated instructions for performing grip strengthening exercises for their uninjured hand in a seated position with both forearms comfortably supported; this will be demonstrated during the teaching session. The instructions will ask for the participant to complete 3 sets of 10 repetitions twice daily, with additional instructions for appropriate grading of resistance. A diary for tracking exercise completion and attendance for usual care will also be provided.
干预措施: Usual care (Other)
Mirror Visual Feedback
Mirror visual feedback is the performance of movements with an uninjured hand in front of a mirror hiding the injured hand, thus creating the illusion of bilateral movement. Participants randomized to mirror visual feedback will be provided with a portable mirror and stand, and instructed with accompanying demonstration on how to set up on a table for comfortable visualization. They will be given written, illustrated instructions for performing mirror visualization of exercises completed by the uninjured hand only from a position of neutral rotation of the forearm. The instructions will ask for the participant to complete a three sets of 10 repetitions for finger flexion and extension (mimicking the fisting motion of the grip strengthening exercises) twice daily. A diary for tracking exercise completion and attendance for usual care will also be provided.
干预措施: Mirror Visual Feedback (Behavioral)
Mirror Visual Feedback
Mirror visual feedback is the performance of movements with an uninjured hand in front of a mirror hiding the injured hand, thus creating the illusion of bilateral movement. Participants randomized to mirror visual feedback will be provided with a portable mirror and stand, and instructed with accompanying demonstration on how to set up on a table for comfortable visualization. They will be given written, illustrated instructions for performing mirror visualization of exercises completed by the uninjured hand only from a position of neutral rotation of the forearm. The instructions will ask for the participant to complete a three sets of 10 repetitions for finger flexion and extension (mimicking the fisting motion of the grip strengthening exercises) twice daily. A diary for tracking exercise completion and attendance for usual care will also be provided.
干预措施: Usual care (Other)
Cross-education + Mirror Visual Feedback
In this group, participants will perform the cross-education resistance exercise in front of the mirror, visualizing the performance of the resistance exercises. Participants randomized to cross education with mirror visual feedback will be provided with both a hand-grip strengthener and a portable mirror and stand, and instructed with accompanying demonstration on how to set up on a table for comfortable visualization. They will be given written, illustrated instructions for performing mirror visualization hand grip strengthening exercises completed by the uninjured hand only from a position of neutral rotation of the forearm. The instructions will ask for the participant to complete 3 sets of 10 repetitions twice daily, with additional instructions for appropriate grading of resistance. A diary for tracking exercise completion and attendance for usual care will also be provided.
干预措施: Mirror Visual Feedback (Behavioral)
Cross-education + Mirror Visual Feedback
In this group, participants will perform the cross-education resistance exercise in front of the mirror, visualizing the performance of the resistance exercises. Participants randomized to cross education with mirror visual feedback will be provided with both a hand-grip strengthener and a portable mirror and stand, and instructed with accompanying demonstration on how to set up on a table for comfortable visualization. They will be given written, illustrated instructions for performing mirror visualization hand grip strengthening exercises completed by the uninjured hand only from a position of neutral rotation of the forearm. The instructions will ask for the participant to complete 3 sets of 10 repetitions twice daily, with additional instructions for appropriate grading of resistance. A diary for tracking exercise completion and attendance for usual care will also be provided.
干预措施: Usual care (Other)
Usual Care
Participants randomized to usual care will be encouraged to attend the recommended rehabilitation, and provided with a diary for frequency of rehab attendance, and tracking any exercises completed at home.
干预措施: Usual care (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Trial feasibility
时间窗: 3 months
total number of potential participants vs. enrolled participants from the clinic
次要结局
- Composite finger flexion(1, 2, and 3 months)
- Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation(1,2,and 3 months)
- Hand grip strength(3 months)
- Adverse events(3 months)
- Pain Catastrophizing Scale(3 months)
研究者
Tara Packham
Assistant Professor
McMaster University