MedPath

Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) in Persons With Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Insomnia
TBI
Interventions
Behavioral: Sleep Education
Behavioral: Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Insomnia
Registration Number
NCT02709980
Lead Sponsor
Johns Hopkins University
Brief Summary

The current study seeks to evaluate cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), a non-medication treatment, in recent TBI patients compared to a sleep education control intervention. Patients will participate in CBT-I treatment (or sleep education treatment) weekly for six weeks, and will have a 3-months follow-up visit in order to examine the efficacy and time course of treatment. In addition, participants will complete several self-report questionnaires in order to examine sleep and neuropsychiatric symptoms throughout treatment.

Detailed Description

Approximately 1.7 million people in the United States sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI) every year due to various causes (falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports, work, etc.) \[9\] at an estimated combined cost of $110 billion made up of direct (e.g., medical) and indirect (e.g., lost productivity) costs \[6\]. Insomnia is one of the most common symptoms of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Sleep disturbance disrupts TBI recovery and increases the likelihood of developing neuropsychiatric symptoms, specifically putting TBI patients at enhanced risk for depressive and anxiety symptomatology. Standard pharmacological treatments used for managing insomnia are poor targets in this population, as they are vulnerable to medication side-effects. Very few non-pharmacological studies have been conducted to intervene on insomnia in this population. One such study hints at the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). The current study seeks to evaluate CBT-I in recent TBI patients compared to a sleep education control intervention. Participants will wear a Fitbit and an Actiwatch to objectively evaluate sleep measures. Patients will participate in CBT-I treatment (or sleep education treatment) weekly for six weeks, and will have a 3-months follow-up visit in order to examine the efficacy and time course of treatment. In addition, participants will complete several self-report questionnaires in order to examine sleep and neuropsychiatric symptoms throughout treatment. This type of non-pharmacological multi-target therapy is much needed for persons with TBI, as they are at high risk of developing chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae but are vulnerable to medication side-effects.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
49
Inclusion Criteria
  • Time duration since injury >3 and <60 months
  • Report sleep problems for >1 month that developed after the TBI
  • Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score > or = 10
  • Display sufficient cognitive capacity to provide informed consent (MoCA > 10)
  • 18-65 years of age
Exclusion Criteria
  • Current alcohol or substance abuse/dependence
  • Presence of other neurological disorders (e.g., multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's Disease)
  • Presence of an untreated or unstable medical or psychiatric comorbid condition (e.g., major depressive disorder or psychotic disorder requiring admission). People using psychotropic medication, hypnotic or sedative medications may be included if they are on a stable dosage for the last 1 month prior to the study, if the dose remains stable throughout the study, and if the medication is judged to not interfere with the study outcomes.
  • Currently on medications known to produce insomnia (e.g., stimulants)
  • Cognitive communication difficulties or inability to speak English that would preclude study participation
  • Sleep apnea (AHI >15) or previous diagnosis of. Study participants who use a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device for sleep apnea will be eligible for participation if they are below the apnea/hypopnea cutoff while using CPAP and agree to use the device during study participation.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Sleep EducationSleep Education6 sessions of sleep education.
Cognitive Behavior Therapy for InsomniaCognitive Behavior Therapy for Insomnia6 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I).
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Insomnia Severity5 months

Insomnia severity will be operationalized as Sleep efficiency (an estimate of the amount of time spent sleeping relative to time in bed) = (Total time asleep) / (Time in Bed) x 100; sleep continuity (this will be derived from aggregating total time awake from the initial onset of sleep through the final awakening at the end of the sleep period); \& total sleep time.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Depressive Symptoms5 months

Depression = Patients will complete psychometrically validated depressive symptoms questionnaires (e.g., Beck Depression Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire - 9 item).

Anxiety Symptoms5 months

Anxiety = Patients will complete psychometrically validated anxiety symptoms questionnaires (e.g., Beck Anxiety Inventory, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 item).

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Johns Hopkins Bayview

🇺🇸

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

© Copyright 2025. All Rights Reserved by MedPath