Action Observation Therapy on Balance in Children With Down Syndrome

Not Applicable

Completed

Brief Summary: Down syndrome is a condition in which a child is born with an extra copy of their 21st chromosome hence its other name is trisomy 21. The hallmarks of Down syndrome are mental retardation, hypotonia and characteristic phenotype features. Balance is one of the major issue. Action observation therapy focus on the concept of balance improvement.

Detailed Description: The study will be randomized controlled trail used to evaluate the effectiveness of Action observation therapy on balance in children with down syndrome. subjects with down syndrome meeting the inclusion exclusion criteria will be divided into two groups using non-probability sampling technique. Assessment will be done using Pediatric balance scale(PBS) and Timed up and go test(TUG) . Control group will receive regular physical therapy with balance training and experimental group will receive regular physical therapy + Action observation therapy.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Control group	Control Group	Subjects will receive 6 weeks of general physical therapy,3 times/week for 30 min each session. The exercise program will include lying to sitting position, moving in the sitting posture, sitting and standing up, posture training for learning a normal gait pattern, weight bearing and weight movement training in the straight posture, walking training on the flat floor and stair walking. Final assessment will be done after 6 weeks
Experimental group	Experimental Group	Subjects will watch a video on a screen from 1 meter in front of their chairs while sitting comfortably with their arms resting but they were not allowed to physically follow the video or move. The model of the video motion observation exercises will perform by the therapist and the training video consist of 4 stages that varied by difficulty and the video of each step was watched for the entire week. The participants watched a video of a task presented by the therapist and after completing the assignment they will perform the steps if step will too difficult to perform retraining will be conducted. Final assessment will be done after 6 weeks.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Modified Timed up and go test	6 weeks	The timed UP \& GO (TUG) test was developed by Podsiadlo and Richardson in 1991 that is used to assess dynamic balance during the performance of a task. This test measures in second the time required for an individual to stand up from a standard chair with armrest, walk 3m and turn around with reliability and validity of (ICC=0.98; p\<0.01).
Pediatric berg balance scale	6 weeks	Pediatric balance scale is a modified version of berg balance scale that is used to assess functional balance skills in children. The scale consists of 14 items that are scored from 0 points (lowest function) to 4 points (highest function) with a maximum score of 56 points It has good reliability and validity with (ICC=0.997) (r=0.797, p \<0.05).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method

Receive instant email notifications about changes in this clinical trial

Receive instant email notifications about changes in this clinical trial