Physiotherapy in Patients in a Cardiac Intensive Care Unit

Completed

Brief Summary: Background. Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The management of these patients requires multidisciplinary therapeutic approaches. Physiotherapy plays a fundamental role in the postoperative management of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Objective: To analyse the relationship between the administration of a physiotherapy intervention and the time spent in the cardiac ICU and on the ward.

Method. Retrospective cohort study. The medical records of 110 patients undergoing cardiac surgery who received a Physiotherapy intervention during their stay in the Intensive Care Unit will be analysed. Data will be collected from patients admitted to the cardiac ICU in 2023. The variables assessed will be: length of stay in ICU and hospital admission (days), age (years completed), weight (kg) and sex. A one-factor analysis of variance will be performed to calculate the association between the variables and a linear regression analysis will be used to describe the hospital stay variables as a function of the other predictor variables.

Expected outcomes. Physiotherapy treatment in an Intensive Care Unit improves ICU and hospital stay times in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Patients diagnosed with cardiac pathology
Undergoing cardiac surgery at the Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias between 1 January and 31 March 2023
In the postoperative phase in the Intensive Care Unit and subsequently on transfer to the ward, they received physiotherapy treatment or not.
That the period of stay in the ICU was less than 30 days.

Exclusion Criteria

Patients with comorbidities prior to surgery that hindered independence from third parties in the performance of activities of daily living and ambulation; iii) patients with previous cardiac surgeries; and iv) patients whose study variables were not fully recorded in the Medical History.
Patients with previous cardiac surgeries
Patients whose study variables were not fully recorded in the Clinical History.

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Observacional group	Observation	The data will be collected in April 2024 at the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service of the Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), belonging to Health Area IV of the Health Service of the Principality of Asturias.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Assess time from hospital admission to medical discharge	Screening visit	This period shall be calculated (in days) by subtracting the date of admission to the Intensive Care Unit from the date of discharge.
Assess length of stay in the Intensive Care Unit	Screening visit	This period shall be calculated (in days) by subtracting the date of admission to the Intensive Care Unit from the date of discharge from the Intensive Care Unit.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Assess the weight	Screening visit	The weight at the time of the patient's admission to the hospital will be assessed (in kg)
Assess the administration of a physiotherapy intervention	Screening visit	This dichotomous variable (Yes / No) will indicate whether the patient has received physiotherapy intervention during his/her stay in the Intensive Care Unit.
Assess the age	Screening visit	This quantitative variable will indicate the age of the patients (in years of age) at the time of admission to the Intensive Care Unit.
Assess the gender	Screening visit	This dichotomous variable (Female / Male) will indicate the sex of the patient at the time of admission to the Intensive Care Unit.

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