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Apple Cider Vinegar for the Prevention of Urinary Lithiasis (APUL)

Not Applicable
Conditions
Kidney Stones, Urolithiasis, Hypocitraturia
Registration Number
NCT04073719
Lead Sponsor
United States Naval Medical Center, San Diego
Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to assess whether certain beverages can increase urinary citrate levels in healthy individuals with no history of kidney disease.

Detailed Description

Higher urinary citrate levels have been shown to decrease one's risk of developing kidney stones. The study will compare apple cider vinegar, coconut water, diet citric soda and lemonade and determine which is superior at raising citrate levels. Research participants will consume two of the four drinks, each for 7 day periods, according to a prescribed regimen. Throughout the course of the study, participants will periodically provide blood draws for metabolic panels, as well as 24-hour urine samples to measure citrate levels. There will be 12 study arms, accounting for the permutations of two drinks for each patients out of four possibilities. 3 participants per arm is the goal, for a total of 36, but the recruitment aim is 50 participants, to account for dropout and noncompliance.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
50
Inclusion Criteria
  • Male and female volunteers 18-65 years old
Exclusion Criteria
  • History of peptic ulcer disease or gastroparesis
  • Pregnant females
  • History of chronic kidney disease
  • History of urolithiasis
  • Currently taking medications that interfere with urinary electrolyte excretion (thiazide and loop diuretics)javascript:document.
  • History of Diabetes

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
CROSSOVER
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Apple Cider Vinegar Urinary Citrate Increase1 week

Determine the change in urinary citrate levels due to the addition of apple cider vinegar to the diet

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Apple Cider Vinegar and urinary pH1 week

Determine the effect of apple cider vinegar on urinary pH

Palatability Evaluation4 weeks

Compare the palatability of apple cider vinegar and other known citrate-rich beverages (lemonade, citrus based soda, coconut water). Patients will keep daily log whwere they can free write any side effects (from palatability perspective and otherwise). At the end of the study a 2 question survery (Likert scale format) will be filled in which participants will answer the liklihood of their willingness to consume the beverage daily for the prevention of kidney stones.

Apple Cider Vinegar Against Other Beverages4 weeks

Compare the effect of apple cider vinegar on urinary citrate with that of known citrate-rich beverages (lemonade, citrus based soda, coconut water)

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