Effects of Lavender Aromatherapy and Cold Application on Pain During Drain Removal
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 121
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Pain level as soon as the drain removal
研究概览
简要总结
This study evaluates the effect of lavender aromatherapy and cold application on pain during drain removal. The investigators hypothesize that there is no difference in pain prevention between lavender oil inhalation and local cold application.
详细描述
It is common practice to place a drainage tube in the peritoneal cavity after abdominal surgery. Although drain application is an important initiative, the severe pain caused during the removal process should also be controlled . Pain and discomfort continue to be a problem during the removal of surgical silicone drains. In the literature, patients describe silicone drain removal as a very painful procedure. Analgesics applied during drain removal are among the commonly used methods in the treatment of acute pain . However, the fact that the response of the patient to pharmacological treatment is variable and the pain cannot be completely controlled with these agents necessitates the use of non-pharmacological methods in addition to pharmacological agents in the control of severe pain.
One of the non-pharmacological methods used in pain control is cold application. Cold application reduces the oxygen and nutrient requirement of tissues by slowing down metabolism, and eliminates pressure and tension on nerve endings by limiting inflammation, spasm and edema; It creates an analgesic effect by slowing or blocking the conduction velocity of peripheral nerves. In addition, it increases the release of endogenous opioids by stimulating the touch receptors with the gate-control mechanism, thereby reducing pain.
Aromatherapy using essential oils is now used by many healthcare professionals in the UK, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Germany and Switzerland as a part of patient care to reduce pain and stress. When the effects of essential oils used for this purpose are examined; It is seen that it accelerates blood and lymph circulation, relieves muscle spasm and has calming effects. It is reported that these effects of essential oils are both absorbed from the skin and stimulated the sense of smell. In the literature, it is emphasized that some known or unknown analgesic components in oils affect the release of substances such as dopamine, endorphin, noradrenaline and serotonin in the brain stem, and that they have analgesic properties that are said to be formed as a result.
The physiological and psychological effects of aromatherapy have long been known in complementary medicine. Lavender oil has been associated with its mood enhancing and analgesic properties in healthy subjects and experimental nociception. This therapy has been successfully used in clinical settings to alleviate a wide variety of pain, such as dressing change in the intensive care unit, palliative care, for the control of labor pain, and chronic pain. There are numerous studies describing the use of this therapy to relieve anxiety and improve mood. Limited studies have shown that aromatherapy is beneficial for women who give birth and reduces the need for pain medication.
Considering the potential positive effect of lavender oil on the physiological and psychological state of the patient and the positive effect of cold application on the pain mechanism, our study was planned to determine the effectiveness of lavender aromatherapy and cold application in controlling the pain that occurs during the drain removal process.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 80 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Between the ages of 18-80,
- •Being conscious, oriented and cooperative,
- •Can speak and understand Turkish,
- •After the surgery with silicone drains
- •General condition stable,
- •Patients who received written and verbal consent to participate in the study will be included.
排除标准
- •Patients with asthma, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- •Patients with contact dermatitis against cosmetic fragrances
- •Patients who are pregnant
- •Patients with poor general condition
- •Oriented, non-cooperative patients
- •Patients whose consent is not taken will be excluded
研究组 & 干预措施
Control group
Routine treatment and nursing care of the clinic will be applied to the patients without any application.
Routine interventions applied to the control group during silicone drain removal in the clinic:
- The patient will be informed about the procedure.
- The consent of the patient who agrees to participate in the study will be obtained.
- The patient will mark the pain he feels due to the silicone drain on the Numeric Rating Scale .
- The patient will mark the pain again from the Numeric Rating Scale immediately after the procedure.
- The patient will fill the Numeric Rating Scale 15 minutes after the removal of the silicone drain.
Cold application group
The patient will mark the pain he feels due to the silicone drain on the Numeric Rating Scale. A gel pad with a temperature of -10 ° C and a homogeneous distribution when cooled will be placed so that the patient is in full contact with the silicone drain.Since the skin temperature must fall below 13.6 ° C for cold application to have a local analgesic effect, the application will be terminated when the patient's skin temperature is 13.6 ° C by measuring every one minute during the cold application and the physician will be informed that the patient is ready.The patient will mark the pain again from the Numeric Rating Scale immediately after the procedure. The patient will fill the Numeric Rating Scale15 minutes after the removal of the silicone drain.
干预措施: cold application (Other)
Lavender oil group
All patients who accept the study will be tested for lavender oil before the procedure to exclude sensitivity to lavender. Patients in the lavender group will be given oxygen with a lavender oil covered face mask 15 minutes before the silicone drain is removed. Two drops of 2% lavender oil will be applied with a cotton swab inside the oxygen face mask.
The patient will mark the pain he feels due to the silicone drain on the Numeric Rating Scale.The patient will mark the pain again from the Numeric Rating Scale immediately after the procedure.The patient will fill the Numeric Rating Scale 15 minutes after the removal of the silicone drain.
干预措施: lavender oil inhalation (Other)
Oxygen administration
The patient will be informed about the procedure. Consent of the patient who agrees to participate in the study will be obtained. Patients in the oxygen administration group will be given 2 lt/min oxygen with a face mask 15 minutes before the silicone drain is removed. The patient will mark the pain he feels due to the silicone drain on Numeric Rating Scale. The patient will re-mark the pain from Numeric Rating Scale immediately after the procedure. The patient will fill the Numeric Rating Scale 15 minutes after the removal of the silicone drain. Before the procedure, as soon as the procedure is over and 15 minutes after the procedure, the patient's vital signs will be measured.
干预措施: oxygen administration (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Pain level as soon as the drain removal
时间窗: as soon as the drain is removed.
As soon as the drain was removed, the pain scores of all patients (lavender oil, cold application, oxygen administration and control group) were evaluated using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The Numeric Rating Scale is used to digitize the level of pain that cannot be measured numerically. In this scale, patients are asked to describe their pain by numbers, with "0" for painlessness and "10" for the highest unbearable pain. According to this scoring system, less than 3 points indicate mild pain, 3-6 points indicate moderate pain, and more than 6 points indicate severe pain.
Pain level after drain removal
时间窗: 15 minutes after the drain is removed
After the drain was removed, the pain scores of all patients (lavender oil, cold application, oxygen administration and control group) evaluated using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The Numeric Rating Scale is used to digitize the level of pain that cannot be measured numerically. In this scale, patients are asked to describe their pain by numbers, with "0" for painlessness and "10" for the highest unbearable pain. According to this scoring system, less than 3 points indicate mild pain, 3-6 points indicate moderate pain, and more than 6 points indicate severe pain.
Pain level before the drain removal
时间窗: 15 minutes before the drain removal
Pain scores of all patients (lavender oil, cold application, oxygen administration and control group) before removal of the drain were evaluated using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The Numeric Rating Scale is used to digitize the level of pain that cannot be measured numerically. In this scale, patients are asked to describe their pain by numbers, with "0" for painlessness and "10" for the highest unbearable pain. According to this scoring system, less than 3 points indicate mild pain, 3-6 points indicate moderate pain, and more than 6 points indicate severe pain.
次要结局
- Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure after the drain removal(15 minutes after the drain is removed)
- Pulse rate before the drain removal(15 minutes before the drain removal)
- Pulse rate after the drain removal(15 minutes after the drain is removed)
- Oxygen Saturation (SPO2) before drain removal(15 minutes before the drain removal)
- Oxygen Saturation (SPO2) as soon as the drain removal(as soon as the drain removal)
- Oxygen Saturation (SPO2) after the drain removal(15 minutes after the drain is removed)
- Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure before the drain removal(15 minutes before the drain removal)
- Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure as soon as the drain removal(as soon as the drain removal)
- Pulse rate as soon as the drain removal(as soon as the drain removal)
- Respiration rate as soon as the drain removal(as soon as the drain removal)
- Respiration rate after the drain removal(15 minutes after the drain is removed)
- Respiration rate before the drain removal(15 minutes before the drain removal)
研究者
Cemile Celebi
Principle Investigator
Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University