Assessment of the Predictors and Moderators of Health Behavior Change
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 118
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Goal Progress
研究概览
简要总结
This study will investigate three interventions-values clarification, planning, or combined (values clarification + planning)-for increasing goal-consistent health behavior (e.g., exercise or dieting). The investigators will also examine how intervention effects differ based on various psychological and neuropsychological factors, to better understand how interventions can be tailored to specific individuals.
The investigators hypothesize a) that the combined intervention will increase goal-consistent exercise behavior more than the other interventions; and b) that individuals scoring higher on self-concordance or goal-commitment will benefit more from planning, whereas those with more positive expectancies or scoring higher on neuropsychological measures (e.g., working memory) will benefit more from values clarification.
详细描述
The study will be a repeated measures design examining the between-subjects effect of intervention condition (values clarification, planning, and combined) on self-reported health goal progress and related outcomes at 1-week and 4-week follow-up, relative to baseline. Based on this design, participants will first be instructed to generate a health-related goal on which they want to make progress over the course of the next month (following procedures adapted from Little, 1993, and Sheldon & Kasser, 1998; see details below). Participants will then be randomly assigned (using a random number table) to one of three intervention conditions: (1) values clarification, (2) planning, and (3) combined (values clarification + planning). All conditions are described in more detail below. Fifty-three participants will be randomized to each condition. Questionnaire measures assessing a variety of psychological variables as well as neuropsychological measures will be modeled as between-subject predictor and/or moderator variables of goal-consistent health behavior. Additionally, differences in self-concordance, goal commitment, and expectancies of success will be modeled as potential moderator and/or mediator variables.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Other
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Boston University Psychology 101 students at least 18 years of age
- •Able to provide informed consent for the study
- •Sufficient command of the English language
- •Have experience using a computer and mouse
排除标准
- 未提供
研究组 & 干预措施
Values Clarification
This intervention will incorporate elements from several widely established self-regulatory strategies aimed at enhancing the motivational aspects of goal pursuit, including mental contrasting (Oettingen, 2000), self-reflection (Koestner et al., 2002), self-affirmation (Schmeichel and Vohs, 2009), and the values clarification components of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT; Hayes, Strosahl, & Wilson, 1999). Participants will be prompted to enter their selected health goal and will then be instructed to identify personal values that might be practiced in pursuit of this goal. Participants will write about these values for several minutes, after which they will be instructed to select a short phrase or image that conjures up for them the reasons they choose to engage in their goal. Participants will be asked to type the phrase into a textbox and will have the option of receiving a confidential print-out of their chosen phrase at the end of the study visit.
干预措施: Values Clarification (Behavioral)
Planning
Participants in this condition will be guided to create detailed implementation intentions, or if-then planning statements (Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006), specifying when, how, and where they will engage in their selected health goal. Participants will be provided with a detailed rationale adapted from earlier research on implementation intentions (e.g., Webb et al., 2010). Participants will be guided to generate a plan indicating when, where, and how they will enact their goal-based behavior over the next week. They will also be prompted to identify 3 obstacles they are likely to encounter during the pursuit of each goal, and to specify in an "if-then" format what specific actions they will take to overcome each obstacle (following the procedures and sample "if-then" responses of Koestner et al., 2002). They will be asked to rehearse each "if-then" statement to themselves before the end of the visit.
干预措施: Planning (Behavioral)
Combined (Values Clarification & Planning)
Participants in this condition will complete abbreviated versions of both the "values clarification" and "planning" procedures, as detailed above. Participants will be prompted to identify 2 obstacles (as opposed to 3) they might encounter during the pursuit of each goal. For each of the obstacles they identify with respect to each of their target goals, they will be prompted to form an additional implementation intention in the form: "When [I encounter the specified obstacle], I will do [X] and remember [values-based statement or image identified during "values clarification" exercise]." They will be asked to rehearse these "if-then" statements to themselves before the end of the visit.
干预措施: Combined (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Goal Progress
时间窗: Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
This 3-item goal progress measure assesses participants' self-reported effort towards and success at meeting their specified goal over the past week, each on a 7-point Likert scale. The third item assesses the number of actions participants have undertaken to realize their goal in the past week (previously shown to be a valid indicator of goal pursuit; Oettingen et al., 2001; Sevincer \& Oettingen, 2009).
次要结局
- Perceived Locus of Causality (PLOC)(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Action Control Scale - Preoccupation subscale(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Delay Discounting Task(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Implicit Attitudes toward Effort(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Goal Orientation Scale(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Distress Intolerance Index (DII)(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Self-Control Scale(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Ruminative Responses Scale--Brief Version(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Goal Rating Measure(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Penn State Worry Questionnaire--Brief Version(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Need for Cognition Scale (Short Form)(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT)(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
- Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE)(Change from baseline to 1-week and 4-week follow-ups)
研究者
Michael Otto
Investigator
Boston University Charles River Campus