Using a Novel Mobile Cognitive Training Application to Improve Cancer-related Cognitive Impairment in Gynecologic Oncology Patients

Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), also known as "chemobrain," is the cognitive decline that negatively impacts the majority of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiation, and/or hormonal treatments [1]. Occurring in the majority of patients receiving cancer therapy, CRCI adverse events can, unfortunately, be lifelong and significantly affect patients' quality of life [2-4]. Given the increased lifespan of gynecologic oncology cancer patients due to the use of modern therapeutics, increased focus has been placed on evaluating quality of life during and after treatments. CRCI, alternatively known as "chemo brain" or "chemo fog" is a common side effect of cancer therapy. These symptoms frequently include augmentation of clear thinking with memory difficulties that can are very distressing to patients both during treatment and beyond. Despite effecting the majority of cancer patients, CRCI data and research is underrepresented in the gynecologic oncology population. In breast cancer, up to 77% of patient with breast cancer who received chemotherapy reported cognitive symptoms associated with the therapy [9]. In a meta-analysis looking at patient with breast cancer who were treated with chemotherapy, the most effected domains were processing speed and language, executive function, and memory [10]. In general, a significant knowledge gap in gynecologic oncology related CRCI exists as interventions to help improve this frequent and life altering group of side effects have not been evaluated to date. Therefore, to our knowledge, this proposal is the first of its kind in gynecologic oncology patients undergoing cancer therapy.

In the dementia literature, mobile applications have been utilized in cognitive training management to improve outcomes in patients [11-13]. Cognitive impairment (CI) is a precursor to dementia and can be defined as mild and major. Mild CI does not yet interfere with instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) whereas major CI does [14]. In a recent systematic review looking at interventions to delay age-related cognitive decline, it was found that cognitive training and physical activity showed the most promise [15]. One cognitive training application (CTA) showed improvement in cognitive ability following five, fifteen-minute training applications a week for ten weeks [12]. Furthermore, a Cochrane review showed that in a group of randomized non-pharmacologic interventions in women with breast cancer, the use of cognitive training applications may reduce the risk of CRCI [16]. Unfortunately, no data currently exists on CTA use in gynecologic oncology patients. The goal of this study is to evaluate the use of a CTA in gynecologic oncology patients undergoing primary chemotherapy in order to reduce the impact of CRCI.