Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2014 Data to Evaluate Trends in Sugar-sweetened Beverage (SSB) Intakes in Children

Recent studies suggest sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption has been declining among US children 2-18y. However, most studies focus on changes in mean intake and little is known about trends in the high SSB consumers who are most at risk of excess weight gain. There is also limited understanding of whether and how these changes over time may have influenced disparities in intake among vulnerable groups of children with persistently high levels of obesity, including children from low-income households, and several race-/ethnic minorities.

This analysis of six cycles of US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dietary surveillance data from 2003-2014 examined shifts over time in SSB intake at both the median and 90th percentile among US children. The study evaluated the extent to which disparities in intake of total SSBs, as well as major SSB subtypes (regular sodas, fruit drinks and other), may have persisted in vulnerable groups, for both median and "heavy" intake. The analysis presents data for three age groups: 2-5y, 6-11y and 12-18y by gender, and focus on three race-ethnic groups: Non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic Black, and Mexican-American. Household income is used as the primary socioeconomic status variable.