Effects of BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism on the Efficacy of Aerobic Exercise in Sedentary, Healthy Males

Aerobic exercise promotes brain health and function. Indeed, exercise has been shown to improve learning and memory, delay cognitive decline and protect against brain atrophy in healthy aging individuals. Additionally, exercise programs reduce brain injury and delay onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. However, individual variability in the efficacy of these programs limit their widespread application as a "therapeutic". Genetic variants may contribute to the large degree of individual variability in the effects of exercise on cognition and brain health.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin that plays a key role in activity-dependent neuroplasticity. Rodent studies show that increases in BDNF mediate the effects of exercise on learning and memory. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the BDNF gene that causes a valine (Val) to methionine (Met) substitution at codon 66 reduces activity-dependent secretion of BDNF and is associated with altered hippocampal activation and poorer episodic memory. The objective of this research is to determine whether after six consecutive weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), three times per week, BDNF Val66Met polymorphism impacts the effects of a further HIIT session on corticospinal excitability as well as intracortical and spinal circuitry. Additionally, this study aims to assess whether BDNF Val66Met polymorphism moderates the effects of six consecutive weeks of HIIT on BDNF, working memory and cardiorespiratory fitness levels. The findings will indicate whether the BDNF Val allele provides an advantage for achieving greater exercise-induced benefits and could thus help individualize exercise programs to maximize their beneficial effects. These data will also provide insights into the mechanisms by which aerobic exercise induces neuroplasticity.